Abstract
 
The Old Man and the Sea is a masterpiece of Ernest Miller Hemingway. He is generally considered as one of the 20th century’s most famous writers and the representative of “Lost generation” in the United States. Experts usually explore the Tough Guy image in this article while past researches are mostly tended to focus on the connotation of main characters and other images. However, in this thesis, the iceberg theory in The Old Man and the Sea will be discussed from the perspective of language style, writing techniques as well as structural arrangement, to find out how the writer express the iceberg’s seven-eighths part beneath the water through describing the one-eighth part on the water. The objectivity of depiction, the manipulation of symbolism and the concentration of time formed a unique phenomenon of iceberg principle in Hemingway's novel, filling out plots of the story and highlighting the characters’ personalities.
 
Key words: iceberg theory; objectivity; symbolism; time

摘要
 
《老人与海》是欧内斯特·米勒尔·海明威的一部杰出之作。海明威被广泛认为是20世纪最著名的作家之一，他也是美国“迷惘的一代”中的代表人物。专家们通常深入探索《老人与海》中的“硬汉形象”，过往的研究也往往聚焦于作品中人物和其他意象的内涵分析。本文则从文章的语言风格、写作手法以及结构安排的角度探索《老人与海》中的冰山原则，研究作者如何通过描写“冰山浮于水面上的八分之一”表现“藏在水面下的八分之七”。语言的客观性、手法的象征性、时间的集中性形成了海明威小说中独特的冰山现象，丰满故事情节，突出人物性格。
 
关键词：冰山理论；客观性；象征手法；时间