摘要

《呼啸山庄》是一部典型的哥特式小说，其所涵盖的哥特式元素亦使得这部小说独具魅力。许多文人学者已研究过该作品的哥特艺术色彩，本文作者在此基础上来探析该作品对希斯克利夫、凯瑟琳等人物形象的塑造，对恐怖环境的营造，发掘其主题和记叙方式上呈现的哥特式的艺术特点，从而更好地体会小说所呈现出的哥特式风格。通过对希斯克利夫与凯瑟琳的性格特征以及两者间强烈又近乎扭曲的爱情分析, 呼啸山庄内部及周边的阴森可怖的环境营造，频繁出现的恶劣天气的氛围渲染, 饱含恐怖、复仇、死亡色彩的主题呈现, 和多位有限视角叙述方式的悬疑制造，小说也成功地塑造了一个恐怖而荒诞，阴森而可怕的文学故事。

关键词：哥特；哥特小说；复仇；呼啸山庄； 叙述视角

Abstract

Wuthering Heights is a typical gothic novel, and the gothic elements contained in it have made it so unique. A mass of scholars and professors have already studied the gothic art in this novel, on the basis of their former researches the thesis author still finds something to further research the “Gothic” through the deep analysis of gothic characterization of the protagonists such as Heathcliff and Catherine, the embodiment of gothic art as well as the artistic techniques of gothic style. In this way, it is easy to better and fully understand the gothic style of this novel. Through the analysis of the characteristic of Heathcliff and Catherine as well as the strong but abnormal love between them, the description of horrible environment inside and outside the Wuthering Heights, the strengthening atmosphere of frequent terrible weather, the presentation of the theme related to horror, reprisal and death, and also the suspense made by shifting several third-person’s limited point of view, the novel successfully creates a story full of horror, darkness and dread.

Key words: gothic; gothic novel; reprisal; Wuthering Heights；narrative perspective