摘要

自古以来，对于世界上男人、女人两种性别一直存在争论，尤其对于男人是否理应凌驾于女人之上的论点更是引起女性主义者们的强烈抗议。从社会的发展来看，无论是父权主义还是男权主义，女性一直处于被征服、被驾驭的地位，几乎从未得到过平等的权利。随之而来的就是女性为了获得平等权益而发动了多次革命，而每次革命往往伴随女性理论的提出，如女性主义，女性激进主义，马克思女性主义等。同时，随着人类自然保护意识的不断增强，生态女性主义应运而生。
在女性主义不断发展的同时，女性主义作品横空出世，哈代的《苔丝》和奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》更被看做是女性主义的代表之作。本文在回顾与梳理前人研究的基础上，侧重从生态女性主义比较、研究这两部作品，论讨自然与女性乃至自然与人类之间的内在联系，指出女性无论在生理上还是心理上都与自然有着不可分割的联系，从而呼吁人与自然应当共织生命之网，和谐相处。
全文共分为五个部分，第一部分是对生态女性主义以及两部作品的简要介绍，并且勾勒出文章的大致架构；第二部分是文献综述；第三、第四部分是文章的主体，围绕生态女性主义的主题分别阐述两部作品，并进行比较分析。第五部分是全文的总结，指出完好的自然环境能够带给女性心理上以动力与活力；而遭受破坏的自然环境则似乎预示着女性的悲惨命运，从而呼吁人类善待大自然，应当与大自然和谐相处。

关键词： 生态女性主义；人与自然； 和谐

Abstract

There are men and women living in the world and there are two arguments that who should be superior in these two clever animals down the ages. However, it is the equal status that the women are running for and striving for. In the history, there are many revolutions which arise from the unequal treatment between women and men. Many theories are put forward due to the feminist movements, such as feminism, radical feminism, Marxist feminism and so on. With the increasing awareness of the environment protection, a new feminism is created. That is called the eco-feminism.
The literature reflects the social background and a lot of works relating to the feminism come out.  Pride and Prejudice and Tess of the d’Urbervilles are deemed as the representative for reflecting eco-feminism. This article aims to point out that human is related with the nature, and the woman, as the mother of the land, has inner relations with the nature through the analysis and contrast of the different background, different natural environment and different personality of these two heroines. These two heroines have the different ending and their endings are related with nature. This paper appeals to that the development of the human has something to do with the nature, not only in physical, but also in mental, and the human should learn to live peacefully and harmoniously with the nature.
This article consists of five parts. The first part is the introduction to two themes: eco-feminism and these two works and the basic structure of the article; the second part is the literature review of the above two themes; the third and forth part is the main part of the paper which analyze and contrast the two articles from the view of eco-feminism and they show that the wonderful and beautiful nature can comfort women and give them motivation. However, the destroyed nature may relate to the sad tragedy; the last part is the conclusion of the whole paper, putting forward that people should learn to live harmoniously with the nature.

Key words:  eco-feminism; human and nature; harmony