摘要

海明威因他所创作的“硬汉”形象而闻名，正如我们在《老人与海》里所见到的圣地亚哥。然而，本研究将要展现的是海明威在他作品中不为人熟悉的因素女性意识，特别是其发展过程。通过反复推敲作者的生活背景和作品，读者很可能会发现他作品中那些女性角色的不同，而这也是本文所重点关注的地方。在《太阳照样升起》中，海明威创造了一个典型的反叛女性布莱特·艾希莉。被日常生活中的新女性所触动，他开始对其有了关注与欣赏，由此，他模糊的女性意识开始萌芽。凯瑟琳·巴克利，《永别了，武器》中的非凡女性，比男主人公都还要闪耀夺目，但因为这一时期海明威依然不敢抛开旧有观念，难以逾越自己的鸿沟，不敢将女性凌驾于男性之上，他潜意识里依旧倾向于保护男性尊严。然而，在《丧钟为谁而鸣》中海明威挑战自我，完善了女性角色。皮拉尔是外刚内柔的女子。她比很多男性都要强壮，而且也热心于政治。玛利亚，却是外柔内刚的女子。到了这一阶段，海明威在女性意识上的理解一分为二，将女性意识剖析得更为彻底。以上就是他三本小说中女性意识发展的三个阶段。

关键词：海明威；海明威作品；女性意识
     
Abstract

Ernest Hemingway is famous for his "tough man" style, such as Santiago in The Old Man and the Sea. However, this study is going to show an unfamiliar element in Hemingway's works, the female consciousness, especially its development. By re-examining his background and works, readers can possibly observe the differences among heroines. Which is what this study will focus on. The development of Hemingway's female consciousness can be seen in his works on three levels. In The Sun Also Rises, Hemingway created a typical rebellious woman, Brett Ashley. Impressed by the female in reality, he started to show his admiration to New Woman, thus his vague female consciousness sprouted. Catherine Barkley, an incredible woman in A Farewell to Arms, was stronger than the hero in any respect, but Hemingway still attempted to protect men's dignity. While in For Whom the Bell Tolls, Hemingway made the big challenge to create new female characters. On this level, he explained women in two different ways. Pilar, who is physically strong but have a tender soul, is outstanding and even more ambitious in politics than most men; Maria, on the other hand, is fragile by looking but tough inside.

Key words：Hemingway; Hemingway's works; female consciousness