摘要

本文主要从修辞学角度对《格列佛游记》中的四种讽刺手法进行分析和研究，旨在展示《格列佛游记》的讽刺艺术，使读者能够更深入地理解讽刺艺术的功能。《格列佛游记》是十八世纪英国杰出的文学家乔纳森·斯威夫特的代表作，也是讽刺小说的杰出作品之一。该作品拥有非常高的艺术价值，其所运用的讽刺手法包括漫画式的夸张、鲜明的对比、反语、象征、映射等。讽刺艺术，实质上就是通过上述各种表现手法，揭露社会的不公和制度的腐朽，从而达到批判和抨击的功能。斯威夫特通过对讽刺手法的巧妙应用，揭露和讽刺了资本主义华丽外表下腐败与罪恶，并将这些罪恶暴露在世人的眼光下，接受批判和谴责。

关键词：《格列佛游记》；讽刺手法；反讽；象征；对比

Abstract

This thesis aims to help readers to understand the function of satire deeply rooted in Gulliver's Travels, by making a synthesis analysis and detailed research on four satirical devices in Gulliver's Travels, in order to exhibit the whole satire art of the Gulliver's Travels to readers from a perspective of rhetoric. Jonathan Swift, author of Gulliver's Travels, is an outstanding British writer in the 18th century. Gulliver's Travels is among the classics of the satirical novels. The high artistic value lies in its satirical devices, including the caricature hyperbole, vivid contrast, irony and symbolism. In fact, satirical devices are often used in the literary works to expose the social injustice and bureaucratic corruption, and to achieve the function of criticism. In Gulliver's Travels, Swift exposed and satirized the corruption and evil, which were under the splendid appearance of capitalism to reveal the evil to the world for criticizing and accusation.

Key words: Gulliver's Travels; satirical devices; irony; symbolism; contrast