摘要

本文从三个研究点来分析《野性的呼唤》一书，从而揭示书中的生态主义思想。第一，通过比较、对比各种小说人物和自然的关系，发掘文本中理想的人与自然相处模式，发现本书主张的尊重自然，和谐相处的生态主义思想；第二，从作者对狗的描述中，不难发现书中对狗的崇拜，体现出作者的反人类中心主义，结合书中人类对自然的破坏，从侧面反映了以自然为中心、反对人类工业文明的生态主义思想；第三，分析巴克在书中的形象，作者使用象征手法，以巴克拟人，从结尾中巴克野性的回归，表达人应顺应自然与本性。同时，结合19世纪后半叶美国掀起的淘金热，大量的开采与挖掘对自然环境造成了极大的破坏，本书的作者更是亲身经历并参与了这场淘金热潮，增加了书中场景的可信性，为书中生态主义思想的表达提供了真实依据。
   
关键词：生态主义；反人类中心主义；象征；杰克·伦敦；自然

Abstract

This paper analyzes The Call of the Wild through 3 points to study on the ecological ideas in this book. First, starting from contrasting and comparing the relationship between man and nature, the thesis reached a conclusion of ecologism——to respect nature and keep in harmony between man and nature. Second, it is not hard to find the worship of dog from author’s descriptions, which reflects the anti-anthropocentrism and through the damage of nature from man. It indirectly expresses the idea of taking nature as center and opposing the industrial civilization. Third, the thesis author analyzes the symbolic meaning of Buck as a man and reveals that the return of Buck exactly means that man should comply with the nature and natural instinct. In addition, the Gold Rush that Jack London experienced and participated in the second half of 19th in America had caused great destructions to natural environment, which lends credibility to this book and provides real basis for ecological point of view in the book.    

Key word: Ecologism; anti-anthropocentrism; symbolism; Jack London; nature