摘要

《呼啸山庄》是艾米丽·勃朗特写的唯一一本小说，其中的男主人公希斯克利夫在读者中一直受到很大的关注。最初，希斯克利夫只是个无家可归的，寡言少语的流浪儿童，但最后他却变成了一个充满怨恨，满心报复的恶魔。这种巨大的改变不禁让人思考。为什么他会变成一个残酷冷血的人？究竟是什么改变了他的性格？本文从当时的社会环境以及利用弗洛伊德的心理理论对希斯克利夫的心理缺陷进行分析，从而解释他的转变。同时，本文也探讨了他转变的悲剧性以及性格转变对我们现实社会的影响和意义。

关键词：希斯克利夫；转变；社会环境；心理缺陷；悲剧性

Abstract

Wuthering Heights is the only novel of Emily Bronte, the character in her novel, Heathcliff, is a man that raised considerable concern in readers. At the beginning of Heathcliff’s life, he was a homeless and silent boy, but he changed into an evil, a man bore hatred in the end. Why did he change into a cold-blood and cruel man? What caused the change in his character? This thesis analyzes the factors of Heathcliff’s change in character from the social environment and uses the theories of Freud to analyze the defects in his character. At the same time, the thesis presents a discussion about the tragedy of his change and the significance of Heathcliff’s change to real society.

Key words: Heathcliff; change; social environment; defects in character; tragedy