Abstract

Here I choose four stylish mid- size and short stories of Ernest Hemingway and use several methods to analyze the female figures in his stories. This thesis mainly answers the following research questions：
1.    What are the female’s characters like in Hemingway’s stories according to the analysis from the four stories I chose?
2.    What’s the theoretical reference value of this research?
In this writing paper, I firstly give a brief introduction about the four stories I chose, then I analyze and contrast the different scholars’ viewpoints towards females in the Hemingway’s story. Next I choose the many details in the four stories to prove my point.
By using different research methods to analyze the female figures, we could obtain the following answers. Firstly, some scholars keep a negative attitude towards the female figures in Hemingway’s stories, and have an opinion that Hemingway did not respect the female in his stories，but the others have the reverse opinions of it. Here I use my own detailed proofs from the four stories to show that the female characters in Hemingway’s stories were in a low status even if some of them are rich, distinguished or competent, they need to please the male for obtaining their happiness. Secondly, I think Hemingway wrote these stories in hope to give some references and lessons to the female in his society. Females are expected to live like Helen, for she could go hunting like a man, which indicates her courage to fight against the traditional impression about the female. Females are also expected to live like the woman in Cat in the Rain, for she had independent consciousness. In an overall viewpoint, these stories vaguely expressed Hemingway’s expectation and affirmation to American women.

Key words: female figures   reference value   attitude

摘要

本文选择了四篇具有代表意义的海明威中短篇小说，并结合几种不同方法来研究海明威小说中的女性角色, 这篇论文主要回答了以下的问题：
1，根据对本文选取的海明威四篇代表作品的分析，海明威小说中的女性形象是怎样的？
2，这项研究（对当今社会的女性）具有怎样的理论参考价值？
  这篇论文首先对选择分析的四篇代表作品进行了一个简单的介绍说明，然后又分析对比了不同学者对于海明威小说中女性的观点，接下来我又选择了这四篇小说中的很多细节而来证明我的观点。
  通过不同的方法对其中女性角色的分析，我们可以得出下列的答案。首先，很多学者对海明威作品中的女性角色持有否定态度，并且根据海明威的小说认为他并不尊重女性，但有些人却认为恰恰想法（持积极态度，并认为这是对女性主义的启蒙）。在本文中，我将会找出四篇代表作品中的一些详细的证据证明无论她们是多么的富有、杰出、能干，依然改变不了她们社会地位地下的事实。她们总是需要取悦男性以获取幸福和快乐。其次，我认为作者写这些小说是希望给他所在的社会的女性的一些参考和教训。他希望女性都可以既学习海伦可以像男人一样具有打猎的勇气，同时也可以像《雨中的猫》里的女主角一样具有独立的意识。总体来看，海明威模糊的表达了其对女性（觉醒）的期望和肯定。

关键词： 女性角色  参考价值  态度