摘要

《彩票》是美国作家雪莉杰克逊的代表作，也是一部颇具争议的短篇小说，小说用巧妙地手法，描述了一个现代的村落里，看似和谐快乐的人们却以抽签的形式举行野蛮的祭祀活动，把人作为祭祀品以换取村镇繁荣，反映了人类在虚假的善和文明的表面下，掩藏着邪恶和野蛮的本性，从而构建了人性善与恶、文明与野蛮的二元对立，深刻地剖析了潜藏在人们灵魂下的凶残本性。本文从文体学角度出发，分析了小说中情景反讽、象征手法的运用及人物刻画的手法。在此基础上，解读了战后假民主、真暴力的社会现状及愚昧盲从的扭曲人性，揭示了盲从下的人性的悲剧使得人性沦丧这一深刻主题。


关键词：人性；情景反讽；象征手法；抽签

Abstract

The Lottery is not only the masterpiece of American writer Shirley Jackson, but also one of the very controversial short stories. This novel describes the people live in the modern village who look like very happy through the clever technique, but do a savage ritual activity in the form of a lottery. It reflects the human who are under the false surface of good. It deeply analyzes the violent nature hidden in the soul of people. This article analyses the situational irony in the novel, the use of symbolism and the characterization methods. On this basis, it also interprets the false democracy, true violence of the social after the war and the distortions of human nature. Finally, it reveals the theme that makes the lost humanity.

Key words: human nature; situational irony; symbolic means; lottery

1. Chapter One:  Introduction
The dramatic point of view Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery" is essential to her success in rendering horror in the midst of the ordinary. The story is not only of horror; it may also be called a surprise story, an allegory or a portrayal of human insensitivity and cruelty. The success of Jackson's point of view is achieved through her characterization, selection of details and fiction.
Such masterly control over point of view is a major cause of Jackson's success in "The Lottery". Her narrative method is to establish the appearance of everyday uneventful reality which she maintains up to the beginning of the last scene. She is so successful that a reader's first response to the stoning is "Such an event could not take place among such common earth folks." Yet it is this reality that validates Jackson's vision. Horror is not to be found on moors and in haunts castles but among everyday people like Jackson's three hundred villages. Without her control of the dramatic point of view, there could be little of this power of suggestion, and it would not be possible to claim such success for stow.