摘要

语言学和文学的关系非常密切，本文以语言学为工具来分析文学的语言特征，而合作原则又是语言学中特别重要的理论。《傲慢与偏见》中有许多典型的用间接表达方式来完成对话的情况，反映了小说中人物违反常规，运用非直接的表达方式，以此来产生言外之意。而这些言外之意正好可以用语言学中的合作原则来解释，从而得到他的会话含义。小说中的人物经常通过违反这些原则来传达自己的说话意图。在特定的场合下，说话者的会话含义是确定的，并且，说话者希望听话者能够通过这种场合来理解说话者的会话含义。但是，由于语境和交谈双方的背景差异，听话者不一定能够理解说话者的言外之意。

关键词：《傲慢与偏见》，语用学，合作原则，会话含义

Abstract

The pragmatic theory applied in this thesis is Grice’s Conversational Implicature Theory. This theory can reveal the implicature through pragmatic inference which makes the readers could understand the implied meaning of the speakers which they don’t really express their intentions directly and clearly. This thesis also gives a detailed description of CP for the generation of implicature is derived from the violation of CP maxims. The application of the Conversational Implicature Theory into the analysis of the fictional dialogues in Pride and Prejudice leads to the conclusions: on one hand we can get a better understanding of the vivid characters of the roles and appreciation of the style of the writer through the process of pragmatic inference; on the other hand this approach can prove the validity and significance of taking pragmatic theory into literature works.
Pragmatics is the study of language activity with intention as well as a powerful tool for the research into literary language characteristics. According to the cooperative principle and politeness principle of pragmatics, this paper analyses the implicature in Pride and Prejudice, revealing the relationship between language form and language users, the character feature of figures of the novel, communicative intention and social relation.
    
Key words: Pride and Prejudice; pragmatics; cooperative principle; conversational implicature
 
1. Introduction
Pride and Prejudice is the most enduringly popular novel written by Jane Austen. It talks about trivial matters of love, marriage and family life between country squires and fair ladies in Britain in the 18th century. This article is written with the help of a linguist Grice's Cooperative Principle to analyze the language of dialogue in the novel.
The pragmatic theory applied in this thesis is Grice’s Conversational Implicature Theory. This theory can reveal the implicature through pragmatic inference which makes the readers could understand the implied meaning of the speakers which they don’t really express their intentions directly and clearly. This thesis also gives a detailed description of CP for the generation of implicature is derived from the violation of CP maxims. The application of the Conversational Implicature Theory into the analysis of the fictional dialogues in Pride and Prejudice leads to the conclusions: on one hand we can get a better understanding of the vivid characters of the roles and appreciation of the style of the writer through the process of pragmatic inference; on the other hand this approach can prove the validity and significance of taking pragmatic theory into literature works.