从功能对等看文学翻译-以培根《论读书》三个译本为例_英语论文

On Translation of Prose From the Prospective of the Functional Equivalence——A Case Study of Three Versions of Bacon’s Of Study

摘要

风格是散文的灵魂，散文的翻译，除忠实、通顺外，还应尽其可能地再现原作的风格。有笔者尝试以尤金·奈达的功能对等理论为指导，探索如何在散文译本中再现原文的风格，达到散文翻译的传神留韵。Of Study(《论读书》)是弗朗西斯·培根一篇著名的随笔，其文笔遒劲，短小精悍，全文警句迭出，国内外众多学者都对其进行了评鉴以及从各角度剖析。

本文以奈达的功能对等理论为指导，将其运用到文学翻译中，主要从句法结构、修辞风格、翻译策略( 归化与异化)、节奏韵律四个角度分析《论读书》的三个译本，由此探讨英语散文的翻译。本文强调，译者应灵活地采取不同的翻译方法,让译文与原文引起相同的读者反应,实现风格翻译的功能对等。

关键词：功能对等；散文；句法结构；修辞风格；翻译策略；节奏韵律；《论读书》

Abstract

The soul of prose is style, which is possibly reflected in the prose translation, apart from the faithfulness and smoothness. Some articles have applied the Nida's Functional Equivalence Theory to the exploration of conveyance of style in prose translation. Of Study is one of the famous Francis Bacon’s essays. The writing is powerful and expressive, short and perfect. At home and abroad, many scholars have carried out their evaluation and analysis from various angles.

In this thesis, three versions of the essay are researched and compared through Nida's Functional Equivalence Theory, mainly from the syntactic structure, rhetorical style, translation strategies (domestication and foreignization), and rhythm, so as to do a certain of study on the Translation of English prose literature．Through the research, it can be found that in the translation, the translator should take different methods flexibly, so that the target language and the original language can lead to the same reader response, and realize the functional equivalence in prose literature.

Keywords: functional equivalence; prose; syntactic structure; rhetorical style; translation strategies; rhythm; of Study

Contents

1.Introduction 1

1.1 Background Information 1

1.2 Literature Review 2

1.3 Layout of This Thesis 2

2. Literary Prose and Prose Translation 3

2.1 Definition of English Prose and Its General Features 3

  2.2 Stylistic Analysis of English Prose: Of Study 4

  2.3 Translatability of English Prose 5

3. Strategy for Translating English Prose 6

3.1 Development of Equivalence Theory 7

3.2 Functional Equivalence and Prose Style Reproduction 8

4. Functional Equivalence in the Chinese Versions of Of Study 8

4.1 Functional Equivalence in Translation Strategies 10

4.2 Functional Equivalence in Syntax 16

4.3 Functional Equivalence in Rhetorical Style 12

4.3.1 Parallelism 12

4.3.2 Repetition 13

4.4 Functional Equivalence in Rhythm 14

4.4.1 Sound Beauty 15

4.4.2 Rhythmic Beauty 15

5.Conclusion 17

References 19