汉语文化负载词的英译策略-以林语堂《京华烟云》为例_英语论文

Lin Yutang’s Translation Strategies of Chinese Culture-loaded Words--- A Case Study of Moment in Peking

摘要

全球化的发展加快了中国与其他国家文化的碰撞与交流，而在交流的过程中翻译担任了重要的角色。翻译是把语言进行转换，从某种程度上也是文化的传递。许多中国经典文学被译成外文，而这些作品特别是古典文学中包含大量的文化词汇，也就是文化负载词，它是指某种特殊文化中事物的词组和习语。缺少中国文化背景的外国读者理解起来可能相对困难。而且文学作品对中文化负载词的处理很大程度上影响着作品的翻译质量, 所以在翻译作品时译者应当注意。翻译好文化负载词外国读者才能充分理解中国的文学作品并且理解中国的文化。

而林语堂的代表作《京华烟云》是一部兼翻译与创作的作品，作品中包含了大量的汉语文化负载词，而研究这些负载词的翻译策略，并总结出它的规律是进行跨文化翻译的最佳途径。本文将通过结合作品的写作背景来对林语堂《京华烟云》中的文化负载词的翻译进行探讨，促使源语文化成功地融入目的语文化。同时，本文以归化和异化策略为指导，从目的论的角度来探究京华烟云中汉语文化负载词的翻译技巧。

关键词：京华烟云；文化负载词；翻译策略；目的论

Abstract

On account of the incessant development of cultural exchanges between China and other countries, a large number of Chinese classical literatures are being translated into foreign languages; it indicates that this phenomenon opens a window for western countries to understand China. However, these literary works, particularly in literature with Chinese characteristics, contain a large number of cultural vocabularies with ample national colors, that is, culture-loaded words. It is generally more difficult for foreign readers who lack Chinese cultural background to understand these proprietary vocabularies.

And what this thesis discusses is about the translation of Chinese culture-loaded words in Moment in Peking of Lin Yutang by combining the writing background and the translation strategies of domestication and foreignization from the perspective of skopos theory. In the meantime, the writer hopes that these studies can successfully expedite the source culture integrating into the target culture. The gain and loss of translation of Chinese culture-loaded words in literary works largely affect the translation quality of the literary works. Meanwhile, the differences among Chinese culture and foreign cultures make it harder for the translation of Chinese culture-loaded words. Thus, translators should pay much attention to the translation of opuses. Only in this way can splendid translation of culture-loaded words assist foreign readers to fully see the literary works and Chinese culture. Also, they can know some details what they want.

Key words：Moment in Peking; culture-loaded words; translation strategies; skopos theory

Contents

1 Introduction 1

2 Literature Review 2

3 A Survey of Lin Yutang and Moment in Peking 2

3.1 A General View to Lin Yutang and Moment in Peking 2

3.2 Brief Introduction to Culture-loaded Words 3

3.2.1 The Definition of Culture-loaded Words 4

3.2.2 The Categories of Culture-loaded Words 5

3.2.3 Features of Chinese Culture-loaded Words 7

3.3 Culture and Translation 8

4 Theoretical Foundation of the Study 9

4.1 An Brief Introduction to Skopos Theory 9

4.2 The Enlightenment of Skopos Theory to Cultural Translation 9

5 Translation Strategies of Chinese Culture-loaded Words in Moment in Peking under the Guidance of Skopos Theory 10

5.1 Domestication 11

5.1.1 Free Translation 11

5.1.2 Amplification 12

5.2 Foreignization 13

5.2.1 Literal Translation 13

5.2.2 Transliteration 14

6 Conclusion 16

References 17