《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》部分词语的理据信息研究_英语论文

A Study of the Motivational Information of Some Words & Expressions in the 8th Edition of OALECD

摘要

《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》第8版的部分词语，包含理据或者理据信息。它们可以粗略地分为两大类：显性理据和隐性理据。前者有标记词“词源”，其数量在第6、7版的基础上，增加至第8版即最新版中的231条之多。后者一般是潜藏着的，有的需要推求出来。本文在辨析讨论词语的定义、内部结构、横向组合及纵向聚合关系等核心概念的基础上，将隐性理据分为四个次类：自明类、释义类、形态组合类、聚合类。

在分析了《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》第8版中的词语理据信息之后，作者从意义、语法以及外部条件等三个角度，总结理据信息体现的突出特点，然后探究它们的应用，即理据信息和英语词汇习得、理据信息与词语的翻译。最终详述了理据信息和词典编纂二者之间的密切关系。本文的结论是，《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》第8版开创的“学习型词典+理据”范式表明：理据信息标注是英语词典的发展趋势以及认知型词典的先声，能够夯实词语理据的语料基础与学科发展，也有助于词汇学、翻译学等学科的交互整合。

关键词：《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》第8版；理据信息；词源；结构；内部形式；词典编纂

Abstract

The 8th edition of Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary (OALECD for short) is found to contain the motivations or the motivational information (MI for short) of some words and expressions. These MIs can be roughly grouped into two types: the overt MI and the covert MI. The former has the marker “origin” and the number of them, on the basis of the 6th and 7th editions of OALECD, is 231 ones in the 8th edition, also the latest edition. The latter is ordinarily underlying in the dictionary and some of them need to be worked out. Based on the cognition of some key notions such as the definition, internal structure, the syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations of words or lexicon, the covert type are classified into four groups in this paper: the self-evident type, the definition-based type, the morphological and syntagmatic type, and the paradigmatic type. 

After a detailed description of the MIs in the 8th edition of OALECD, the author summarized some prominent features of the manifestation of them from three perspectives: meaning, grammar and external condition. Then their application was discussed, including the MI and English vocabulary learning, and the MI and word translation. Finally, the interrelation between MIs and lexicography was dwelt on. It is concluded that the paradigm initiated by the OALECD particularly its 8th edition－“learner’s dictionary plus motivation”, has shown that the giving of motivational information not only indicates the trend of English dictionary development but also precurses the appearance of cognitive dictionaries. It can consolidate the data basis of the lexical motivation study and hence encourages its disciplinary formation, as well as facilitate the interplay and integration among lexicology, translation studies, etc.

Key words: the 8th edition of OALECD; MIs; origin; structure; internal form; lexicography 

Contents

1 Introduction.1

2 Motivation: Definitions, Classifications and Others2

    2.1 Definitions2

  2.2 Classifications.4

  2.3 Some Related Terms of Motivation .5

3 A Survey of MIs in the 8th Edition of OALECD 7

  3.1 The Types of MIs in 8th Edition of OALECD7

      3.1.1 The MIs with the Marker “Origin”.7

      3.1.2 The MIs without the Marker.10

             3.1.2.1 The Self-evident Type.10

             3.1.2.2 The Definition-based Type11

             3.1.2.3 The Morphological-syntagmatic Type.12

             3.1.2.4 The Paradigmatic Type.14

  3.2 Some Prominent Features of the Manifestation of MIs14

4 The Application of MIs in the 8th Edition of OALECD15

  4.1 The MI and English Vocabulary Learning15

  4.2 The MI and Word Translation17   

5 MIs and Lexicography: An Extended Discussion .18

6 Conclusion20

References.22