从叙事学语用学视角解读《献给艾米丽的一朵玫瑰》_英语论文

An Interpretation of A Rose for Emily from the Perspectives of Narratology and Pragmatics

摘要

威廉·福克纳（William Faulkner）是美国现代文学史上最重要的作家之一。他一生作品无数，多关于他的家乡——美国南方。福克纳借南方贵族家庭由盛转衰的历程记录了美国独立战争前夕到二战之间美国南方的社会现实，表达了作者自身对南方社会的复杂心情，福克纳也由此成为美国南方作家的代表人物。

《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》是福克纳的经典短篇小说。在有限的篇幅中，作者以曲折丰富的情节、激烈的冲突，以及丰满的人物形象向读者展现了美国南方社会的真实缩影，并且引导读者思考更深层次的问题。短篇小说《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》突出反映了作者的高超写作技巧与深刻创作思想，是内容与形式完美结合的典范。

本文根据现有的福克纳作品研究资料和研究成果，从叙事学与语用学两个方面探究分析《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》。研究该作品中叙事策略的应用，从多角度叙述及时序两个方面层层剥茧，探寻作者复杂的内心情感，挖掘作品的主题。同时研究组品如何打破赖格斯的“合作原则”，分析作者与读者之间的语言交际，试图发现作者的言外之意，从而更好地理解小说的深刻意蕴。

关键词：《献给艾米丽的玫瑰花》；叙事学；语用学

Abstract

William Faulkner (1897-1962) is one of the most influential American writers of the 20th century. He has written many works and set most of his works in the Yoknapatawpha County. Because of his unfailing obsession with the Southern stories, he is considered one of the most important Southern writers. Moreover, he is one of the most innovative writers of the experiment in the 20th century, innovating boldly with various narrative techniques in his works.

A Rose for Emily is a classic short story of Faulkner. People are amazed by its fascinating narrative skills and complicated feelings towards the south of America.

The thesis is intended to explore the story from aspects of narratology and pragmatics. Further probe into Faulkner’s complicated feelings about Emily and the South and the themes of the story in general, mainly from the aspects of points of view and chronology. As for pragmatics, the thesis analyzes how Faulkner breaks the Cooperative Principe, trying to find out the implication and, thus, to gain a better understanding of the profound meaning of the story.

Key Words: A Rose for Emily, narratology, pragmatics

Contents

摘要

Abstract 

Acknowledgements 

Chapter One  Introduction 1

1.1 Background of the study 1

1.2 Purpose of the study 2

1.3 Structure of the thesis 2

Chapter Two  Literature Review 3

2.1 A review on studies of A Rose for Emily 3

2.2 A review on narrative theories concerned 4

2.3 A review on pragmatics theories concerned 6

Chapter Three  Narrative Analysis 8

3.1 Multiple points of view 8

3.1.1 Point of view as rhetoric 8

3.1.2 Points of view in A Rose for Emily 9

3.1.3 The first-person point of view in A Rose for Emily 9

3.1.4 The third-person omniscient point of view in A Rose for Emily 11

3.2 Chronology 13

Chapter Four  Pragmatics Analysis 15

4.1 Introduction of the Cooperative Principle 15

4.2 Violation of Maxim of quantity 16

4.3 Violation of Maxim of Quality 16

4.4 Violation of Maxim of Relation 17

4.5 Violation of Maxim of Manner 18

Conclusion 19

Reference 20