图里翻译规范视角下理雅各《论语》英译本的描述性研究_英语论文

A Descriptive Study of James Legge's Translation of The Analects of Confucius from the Perspective of Toury's Translation Norms

摘要

随着世界各国文化交流活动愈加频繁以及翻译理论的不断发展，国内外学者对《论语》的研究也愈加深入,然而却忽略了对西方传教士理雅各《论语》英译本的探究,为使《论语》英译本的研究更加全面，本论文着重从图里的翻译规范角度对理雅各《论语》英译本进行研究。

本文将以理雅各的《论语》英译本作为研究对象，主要采用归纳法，进行分析和总结，并辅之以史料文案法，广泛查找图书、期刊等相关资料，对理雅各《论语》译本翻译进行详细、具体、深层次的研究和分析，并在图里的翻译规范指导下，探索翻译过程中如何在译文中体现出初始规范、预备规范和操作规范，以及这三个规范分别是如何制约着译者的译本选择、翻译策略和实际翻译的抉择。

因此，作品和译者的选择遵循了初始规范；英译本整体的西化风格受到了首要规范的影响；英译本的结构安排和措词受到了操作规范理论的指导等。

关键词: 论语; 图里翻译规范;初始规范; 预备规范; 操作规范

Abstract

With the cultural activities and the development of translation’s theory in the world, scholars have a more in-depth study of The Analects of Confucius at home and abroad. Nevertheless, we paid less attention to the English version of The Analects of Confuciu by the western missionaries. In order to make the English version of The Analects of Confucius is more comprehensive. This thesis will focus on the translation of The Analects of Confucius translated by Legge.

In this paper, the English version of The Analects of Confucius will be taken as the research’s object. I will find a lot of books, periodicals and other related materials, which can carry out detailed and deep research about the Legge’s translation of the Analects.

Under the guidance of the translation norms, we explore how the translation reflects the initial norms, preliminary norms and operational norms, and how the three norms affect the translator's choices of translation strategies.

Finally, the conclusion is drawn that translators follow the initial norms to make choices of works; the westernized styles of English’s translation are influenced by the preliminary norms; the structural arrangements and words of the English’s translations are guided by the operation norms. 

key words：The Analects of Confucius; Toury's Translation; Norms Initial norms; Preliminary norms; operation norms 

Contents

Abstract i

摘  要 ii

1. Introduction 1

2. Literature Review 4

2.1 Confucius and his Work The Analects of Confucius 4

2.1.1 Introduction to Confucius 4

2.1.2 Introduction to The Analects of Confucius 5

2.2 Previous Studies on English Translation of The Analects of Confucius 6

3. Theoretical Framework 8

3.1 Theoretical Framework: Toury’s Translation Norms 8

3.2 Classification of Toury's Translation Norms 8

3.2. 1 Initial Norms 9

3.2. 2 Preliminary Norms 9

3.2.3 Operational Norms 9

4. Analysis of Legge's Translation of The Analects of Confucius in the Light of Toury’s Translation Norms 11

4.1 Initial Norms in Legge's Translation of The Analects of Confucius 11

4.1.1 Adequacy in Legge's Translation 11

4.1.2 Legge's Tendency to Acceptability over Adequacy 12

4.2 Preliminary Norms in Legge's Translation of The Analects of Confucius 13

4.2.1 Translation Policy in the Selection of The Analects of Confucius 14

4.2.2 Directness of Legge's Translation 15

4.3 Operational Norms in Legge's Translation of The Analects of Confucius 15

4.3.1 Matricial Norms: Translation Strategies 16

4.3.2 Textual-Linguistic Norms 21

4.3.2.1 Treatment of Four-Character Phrase 21

4.3.2.2 Treatment of Classical Chinese 22

5. Conclusion 24

5.1 Major Findings of the Study 24

5.2 Limitations of the Study 25

Bibliography..27

Acknowledgments 28