An Analysis of Heroism in The Old Man and the Sea_英语论文

摘要

欧内斯特·海明威是美国二十世纪著名作家。他的作品，如《太阳照常升起》、《永别了，武器》等，对世界文学产生了极大影响。海明威一向以“文坛硬汉”著称，笔下诞生了许多硬汉形象，而他们所表现出来的英雄主义也影响了一代又一代的读者。第一次世界大战影响了包括海明威在内的“迷惘的一代”。第二次世界大战中，海明威再次经历战争的残酷与无情，战后写下了《老人与海》。《老人与海》是海明威的巅峰之作，该书也让他摘得诺贝尔文学奖的桂冠。小说中圣地亚哥带有美国个人英雄主义的主人公形象，反映了海明威对自然与生命的理解。本论文由三部分组成：第一部分介绍英雄主义的历史传统。第二部分细读并分析英雄主义在书中情节和人物的体现。第三部分分析《老人与海》英雄主义所产生的影响。本论文着重研究英雄主义在本篇小说中的体现，通过对主人公思想和行为的分析，讨论小说中英雄主义的现实意义。

关键词：欧内斯特·海明威 《老人与海》 英雄主义 

Abstract

Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961) is a famous American writer in the twentieth century. His works such as The Sun Also Rises, A Farewell to Arms have a significant impact on the world literature. Hemingway is well known for his tough man spirit, and he has created a great many tough man spirit images. And their heroism really influences readers for generations. The World War I influenced the “Lost Generation” including Hemingway a lot. In the World War II, Hemingway experienced the cruelty and callousness of wars again and he wrote the striking novel The Old Man and the Sea after the war. The Old Man and the Sea came off like a culmination in Hemingway’s writing life. And this novel also made him get the Nobel Prize in literature. With an image of American individual heroism, the protagonist Santiago showed Hemingway’s understanding of nature and life. This thesis is made up of three parts. The first part introduced the tradition of heroism. The second part made a close reading of the novel and gave an analysis on the presentation of Santiago’s heroism.And the third part analyzed the influence of Santiago’s heroism. This thesis focused on the presentation of heroism in the novel. By analyzing the protagonist’s thoughts and actions, the significance of heroism has been illustrated.

Key Words: Ernest Hemingway; The Old Man and the Sea; heroism 

Contents

1 Introduction 1

2 The Tradition of Heroism 3

2.1 The Definition of Heroism 3

2.2 The History of Heroism 4

2.3 Hemingway’s Heroism 5

3 The Presentation of Santiago’s Heroism 8

3.1 Heroism in Santiago’s Thoughts. 8

3.2 Heroism in Santiago’s Actions 11

4 The Influence of Santiago’s Heroism 13

5 Conclusion 15

Bibliography 16

Acknowledgments 17