摘要

郝景芳所著的《北京折叠》在2016年获得第74届雨果奖最佳中短篇小说奖。这次获奖使西方人广泛关注中国的科幻小说。同时表明了翻译在中国科幻小说走出国门中的重要角色。因此，对北京折叠英译本的研究有利于将中国科幻小说推向世界。本文旨在通过功能对等理论来分析《北京折叠》的英译本在不同层面所使用的翻译策略。在词汇层面，分析译者在以读者为前提下，如何翻译习语和文化负载词；在句法层面，分析译者如何处理无主句和长句；在修辞层面，分析译者为译文达到与原文相当的风格如何转换汉语中明喻和借代的修辞手法。译者通过直译意译，增补和省略等实现功能对等。证实了功能对等理论对翻译的指导作用，为译者在迎合国外读者的阅读习惯时也能保持原小说的特色，并为以后的科幻作品外译提供借鉴。

关键词：《北京折叠》  功能对等理论  词汇  句法  修辞

Contents

Abstract i

摘  要 ii

Chapter One  Introduction 1

1.1  Research Background 1

1.2  Research Significance 1

1.3  Research Objectives 2

1.4  Research Method 2

1.5  Research Structure 3

Chapter Two  Literature Review 4

2.1  Previous Studies on The Functional Equivalence Theory 4

2.1.1 Previous Studies on The Functional Equivalence Theory at Abroad 4

2.1.2 Previous Studies on The Functional Equivalence Theory at Home 4

2.2  Previous Studies on Chinese S.F. 5

2.2.1 An Introduction to Science Fiction 5

2.2.2 Development of Chinese Science Fiction 5

2.2.3 Studies on Chinese Science Fiction Translation 6

2.3  Previous Studies on Translation of Folding Beijing 6

2.3.1 Researches from Linguistics Perspectives 6

2.3.2 Researches from Translation Theory Perspectives 7

2.3.3 Researches from Translator’s Perspectives 8

2.3.4 Researches from Other Perspectives 8

2.4  Summary 8

Chapter Three  Theoretical Framework 10

3.1  A Brief Introduction to Nida 10

3.2  Definition of Functional Equivalence 10

3.3  Main Contents of Functional Equivalence 11

3.3.1 Receptor’s Response 11

3.3.2 Principles for Producing Functional Equivalence 11

Chapter Four  Analysis of Functional Equivalence in Folding Beijing 13

4.1  Functional Equivalence at Lexical level 13

4.1.1 Translation of Culture-loaded Items 13

4.1.2 Translation of Four-letter Idioms 15

4.2  Functional Equivalence at Syntactic level 16

4.2.1 Translation of Subject-less Sentence 16

4.2.2 Translation of Long Sentence 18

4.3  Functional Equivalence at Rhetoric level 20

4.3.1 Translation of Simile 20

4.3.2 Translation of Metonymy 21

Chapter Five Conclusion 23

5.1  Major Findings 23

5.2  Limitations and Suggestions for Future Study 23

Bibliography 24

Acknowledgement 25