电影字幕翻译研究—以“爱在三部曲”为例

A Study on Subtitle Translation: A Case Study of an American Love Film Trilogy

摘要

随着中国经济的发展，人们物质生活日趋丰富，同时中国对外开放与文化交流程度不断加深，人们的精神生活也日益充实。观赏影片，甚至是外国影片已经成为人们生活中很普遍的娱乐方式。电影发挥着文化交流的重要作用，也成为促进不同文化交流借鉴的使者。为消除交流障碍，外国影片进入国内首要任务就是将其译制成中文，并且做成字幕，因此字幕翻译在外国电影观赏中扮演着至关重要的角色。优秀的字幕翻译不仅能让观众领略到异国风情，更能引人共鸣、发人思考。然而字幕翻译并没有在国内外引起相应的重视，尤其是在中国，字幕翻译的研究还在起步阶段。生活中未能在影院上映的影片翻译任务主要由爱好欧美影视的网友组成的字幕组完成，因为其义务性、不完善的管理体系、理论指导的缺乏，翻译质量不尽如人意。

本文结合德国功能学派的目的论和接受美学的理论，以近些年在国内广受好评的美国爱情电影三部曲《爱在黎明破晓前》、《爱在日落黄昏前》、《爱在午夜降临前》为研究对象，从翻译的目的论出发，通过结合理论中的原则以及方法对字幕组翻译版本进行分析，旨在说明功能翻译理论和接受美学理论能够为国外影视的字幕翻译提供指导。

关键词：电影字幕翻译；德国功能学派；目的论；接受美学；《爱在黎明破晓前》；《爱在日落黄昏前》；《爱在午夜降临前》 

Abstract

With the development of China’s economy, people’s material life has become increasingly rich. With the constant acceleration of China’s opening up and cultural exchanges with world, people’s spiritual life is also increasingly enriched. Watching movies, and even foreign films has become a popular way to spare leisure time. Film plays an important role in cultural exchange and has become a messenger to promote different cultural exchanges. In order to eliminate the obstacles of exchanges, translated subtitles are essential. Excellent subtitle translation not only allows the audience to appreciate exotic culture but also arises empathy and provokes thoughts. However, subtitle translation does not receive enough attention, especially in China. Most unscreened foreign films in China are translated by subtitle groups consisting of volunteer bilingual netizens. Because of its non-profit nature, imperfect management system, lack of theoretical guidance, translation quality is not satisfactory. 

Drawing on German Functionalist Approach and Reception Aesthetic, this paper adopts descriptive research method and attempts to analyze the subtitle translation of an American trilogy Before Sunrise, Before Sunset, Before Midnight. 

Key words: subtitle translation; German Functionalist Approach; Reception Aesthetics; Before Sunrise; Before Sunset; Before Midnight