从文化视角下看美国俚语的特点和翻译方法

The Characteristics and Translation Methods of American Slang from the Perspective of Culture

摘要

俚语是百姓在日常生活中总结出来的通俗易懂顺口的具有地方色彩的词语。美国俚语以其形象生动、诙谐简练的特点，成为英语语言中最活跃、最具表现力和感召力的一种语言形式。英汉两种语言和文化之间的诸多差异给美国俚语翻译带来了很多不便，因此准确地翻译俚语，有助于各民族之间增进了解与交流。作为外语学习者，我们在翻译时，应尽量将目标语言中所隐藏的文化信息表达出来，尤其是俚语的翻译。本文旨在将奈达功能对等理论应用到美国俚语的翻译中来，并着重从文化和翻译两个角度对美国俚语进行分析,并对先前的翻译方法进行探讨。

关键词：美国俚语；功能对等；美国文化；翻译方法 

Abstract

Slang, a word with local color, is created by common people so that it can bring convenience in daily life. Concise, vivid, and amusing, American slang is a dynamic, expressive linguistic form in the English language. The differences between the two languages and cultures of English and Chinese have brought a lot of inconveniences to the translation of American slang. Therefore, appropriate translation is helpful to promote the understanding and communication between different nations. As a foreign language learner, we should try to convey the hidden cultural information in the target language, especially in the translation of slang. The purpose of this thesis is to apply Nida's functional equivalence theory to the translation of American slang, and to analyze American slang from the perspective of culture and translation and  discuss the former translation methods.

Key words: American slang; functional equivalence; American culture; translation methods