八分之七冰山视角下《老人与海》中的生态女性主义_英语论文

The Ecofeminism in The Old Man and the Sea from the Perspective of Seven Eighths of the Iceberg

摘要

《老人与海》是海明威晚年的杰出作品，虽篇幅短小，但因其丰富的思想内涵，一直是很多学者探讨的热点。《老人与海》在受到研究者高度肯定的同时却也因为缺乏对女性角色的描述而受到了诸多批判。但当我们运用冰山原则来解读这本小说时，我们将会发现隐藏在水面之下的待探索的女性角色。依据冰山原则，老人的硬汉精神只是水面之上的八分之一，而八分之七则是隐含的生态女性主义。通过分析女性与自然以及老人之间的关系，本文将探索出父权主义压迫下女性主权意识的觉醒以及对父权主义的反抗。 

关键词：《老人与海》；冰山原则；生态女性主义

Abstract

The Old Man and the Sea is Hemingway’s outstanding works in his later years. Because of its rich ideological content, it has been a hot spot for many scholars to explore, although the length is short. The Old Man and the Sea is strongly endorsed by researchers, however, at the same time, it has been criticized by many critics for lack of description of women. But when applying the iceberg principle to interpreting this novel, we will find female images, which are hidden under the surface of the water, waiting to be explored. According to the iceberg principle, the old man’s tough guy spirit is only one-eighth above the surface of the water, while the seven-eighths are implicit ecofeminism. Through the analysis of the relationship between women and nature as well as the relationship between women and the old man, this paper will dig out the awakening of women’s sovereignty consciousness under the oppression of the patriarchal hierarchy and women’s resistance to patriarchal hierarchy.

Keywords: The Old Man and the Sea；iceberg principle；ecofeminism