摘  要

随着医疗技术的发展和艾滋病疫情的扩散，艾滋病毒感染者和患者的数量不断增加，然而，社会中艾滋病隐喻或污名以及其所造成的歧视现象仍比较严重。这给艾滋病毒感染者或患者及其家属、社会关系成员以及医生都带来了巨大的经济或心理负担，不利于艾滋病防控工作的开展。首先，本文对CNKI和Web of Science中1989年到2019年以艾滋病隐喻或污名为主题的中外文献进行文献综述，探讨中国和其他国家艾滋病隐喻或污名的研究现状。其次，本文基于苏珊桑塔格对艾滋病隐喻的观点和戈夫曼对污名的定义，从文学作品与科学研究领域、医疗领域以及社会领域三个方面入手，分析艾滋病隐喻或污名的原因及影响。最后，本文从社会学角度在以上三个方面提出消减艾滋病隐喻或污名的应对策略，以期减少社会中艾滋病隐喻或污名，推进和巩固艾滋病预防和治疗的结果，阻止艾滋病疫情的迅速蔓延。

关键词：艾滋病；疾病的隐喻；污名

Contents

Chapter One   Introduction  1

1.1 Research Background 1

1.2 Research Significance 2

1.3 Research Methods and Objectives 2

Chapter Two Causes and Effects of AIDS Metaphor or Stigma 3 

2.1 Discrimination in Literary Works and Academic Research 5

2.1.1 Discrimination in Literary Works 5

2.1.2 Discrimination in Academic Research 6

2.2 Discrimination in Medical Care 8

2.2.1 Insufficient awareness of AIDS 8

2.2.2 Discrimination in Medical Institutions 9

2.3 Discrimination in Social Relations 10

Chapter Three Measures to Reduce Metaphor or Stigma of AIDS. 12

3.1 Advocating Active Literary Works and Academic Research 13

3.1.1 Advocating Positive Literary Works 13

3.1.2 Promotion of Academic Research 14

3.2 Reducing Discrimination in Medical Care 14

3.2.1 Strengthen AIDS Knowledge Publicity 15

3.2.2 Reducing Discrimination in Medical Institutions 15

3.2 Reducing Discrimination in Social Relations 16

Conclusion 18

Works Cited 20