从动物批评视角分析莫言小说《生死疲劳》_英语论文

A Study of Life And Death Are Wearing Me Out From the view of Zoo-criticism 

摘要

《生死疲劳》作为莫言的代表作之一，获得了国内和国际文学界的广泛关注。本文以《生死疲劳》的英译本为研究对象，以动物批评与德勒兹的生成理念为理论依据，对其中的动物场景以及主人公的动物生成过程进行分析。从中可以看出人性的邪恶自大，人类关系纽带的脆弱，以及兽性的可贵。此外西门闹的生成-动物也不是一蹴而就的。为驴时，他满心愤恨，无法接受自己转世为兽这一事实；为牛时，他目睹残酷人性，开始接受自己兽的身份；为猪时，他见证可贵兽性，基本接受自己的动物身份；而为狗时，他以兽为荣，几乎完全接受了自己的动物身份；最后西门闹彻底生成为猴。在本书结尾，西门闹转世为蓝千岁，完成了人-兽-人这一循环，进一步印证了人与动物之间并没有明确的疆界，每一个生命体都有自己的准则，都值得尊重。

关键词   《生死疲劳》 动物批评  动物生成   人性与兽性  人兽疆界 

Abstract

Life And Death Are Wearing Me Out, as one of Mo Yan’s masterpieces, has attracted much attention both nationally and internationally. This thesis will study on the English version of Life And Death Are Wearing Me Out from the theory of zoo-criticism and becoming-animal, analyzing the classic animal imagery, animal scenes and the process of becoming-animal of the protagonist. From this thesis, it can be concluded that humanity can be evil, human relations can be weak, while animality can be respectable. As to the process of becoming-animal, the protagonist cannot accept his animal identity as a donkey. As an ox, he starts to accept his animal identity for realizing the evil humanity; as a pig, he basically identifies himself as an animal after he witnesses the noble animality; and as a dog, he almost considers himself as an animal. Finally, the protagonist finishes his becoming as a monkey. At the end of the book, Ximen Nao reincarnates as Lan Qiansui, finishing the circle of human-animal-human, which further proves that no exact boundary exists between human beings and animals. Every life has its own norms and is respectable.

Keywords  Life And Death Are Wearing Me Out  zoo-criticism  becoming-animal     humanity and animality   human-animal boundary

Contents

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Mo Yan and His Literary World 1

1.2 Literature Review 2

1.3 Theoretical Framework 3

1.4 The Significance and Structure of This Thesis 5

2  The First Phase of Becoming-animal: the Overwhelming Humanity 6

2.1. The Donkey Trapped in Human Issues Fails to Become-animal 6

2.2 The Ox Hurt by Mean Humanity Starts to Become-animal 7

3  The Second Phase of Becoming-animal: the Stronger Animality 9

3.1   The Pig Moved by Noble Animality Continues to Become-animal 9

3.2 The Dog Feeling Proud of Himself Almost Becomes-animal 11

4  The Success of Becoming-animal And The Return to Human  12

Conclusion 13

Acknowledgments 14

References 15