从《麦克白》动物隐喻翻译看译者主体性_英语论文

 An Analysis of Animal Metaphor Translation from the Perspective of Translator’s Subjectivity

摘要

翻译是文化交流、民族交往的重要媒介和手段。作为常见的比喻意义,动物描写在莎士比亚戏剧中得到了充分的运用，而《麦克白》则是莎士比亚戏剧中的一个典型。本文以译者主体性理论为指导，分析朱生豪版《麦克白》中动物隐喻描写。译者主体性的中心观点是，译者作为最活跃的因素，在其翻译过程中，需要发挥自身的想象力和创造力，进而发掘作品本身的思想与价值。本文以朱生豪版《麦克白》为例，归纳出《麦克白》中的动物隐喻分为明喻与暗喻两种类型。在翻译过程中，朱生豪采用了直译保留动物名称特点、意译增添动物比喻特点、改变修辞格的方法达到了保留原文意境的效果。运用译者主体性理论来研究《麦克白》动物隐喻的翻译，是《麦克白》翻译研究新的视角，也希望能弥补对莎士比亚剧本中动物隐喻汉译研究的不足。

关键词  麦克白  译者主体性  动物  隐喻

Abstract

Translation is an important media means in cultural communication and ethnic exchanges. Animals, as the common metaphors, are widely used in Shakespeare’s plays in the form of simile and metaphor. Therefore，the translation of animals in Shakespeare’s plays have drawn great attention. Animals’ translation in Macbeth is an obvious example of Shakespeare’s plays in constructing stories. The paper, guided by the theory of translator's subjectivity, analyzes the animal metaphors in Macbeth translated by Zhu Shenghao. The central idea of the translator's subjectivity is that translators, as the most active factor in the translation process, need to give the reins to their imagination and creativity to explore the ideas and social values of the original work. By analyzing Macbeth translated by Zhu Shenghao, the paper discusses from two aspects: types of description of the animal metaphors and translation methods. It is found that animal metaphors are divided into simile and metaphor. To retain its original flavor of the language, the translator adopts methods of literal translation, adding features and changing rhetorical moods. The study of the translation of animal metaphors in Macbeth by using translator's subjectivity theory is a new view of Macbeth translation studies.

Keywords  Macbeth  animal words  metaphor  translator’s subjectivity

Contents

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Research Background 1

1.2 Significance of the Study 1

2 Literature Review 1

2.1 Definition of Metaphor 1

2.2 Previous Researches on Translator's Subjectivity 2

2.3 Previous Researches on Translating Animal Metaphors in Macbeth 3

2.4 The Principles of Metaphors Translation in Zhu's Version 4

2.5 Research Innovation 4

3 The Forms of Animal Metaphors in Macbeth 4

3.1 Simile Type 5

3.1.1 As/Like 5

3.1.2 Word Conversion 6

3.1.3 Compond Words 6

3.2 Metaphor Class 6

4 The Functions of Metaphors in Macbeth 7

4.1 Provoking Thoughts 7

4.2 Shaping Personalities of Characters 7

4.3 Making Praise 7

5 The Translation of Animal Words in Zhu’s Version 7

5.1 Keeping Original Figure of Speech  8

5.2 Adding More Meanings 9

5.3 Changing the Figure of Speech 9

6. Limitation 10

Conclusion 11

Acknowledgements 13

References 14