文化学派对汉英翻译的影响_英语论文

Influence of Cultural Approach on C-E Translation

摘要

20世纪80年代以前,西方翻译理论家只是把翻译看作是语言符号的转换，专注于纯文本方面的研究,很少涉及文本以外的因素。从20世纪80年代起，人们逐渐把翻译研究看作一门独立的科学，纯文本研究已落后于时代发展，传统的翻译科学概念日益受到挑战，学者们更多地从跨学科角度借鉴新的研究方法，开拓新的研究思路。这些研究促成了翻译文化学派的创立。由此，翻译不再单纯是对字、词、句或是语篇的研究，而是进入了文化背景与范畴的层面上。

文化学派跳出以往主张译文与原文“对等”的圈子，更关注译本、翻译过程和翻译策略等所受到的外界文化社会的影响和操控，将翻译研究放到大的社会文化语境中来探讨，从而拥有了更广阔的文化视野。文化学派促使翻译研究突破传统美学或语言学的框架模式，利用描述性研究方法对翻译的概念、方法和过程进行全方位的重新阐释，从而上升为一种对文化的反思。

关键词：翻译理论；文化学派；汉英翻译；影响

Abstract

Before the 1980s, the western translation theorists only took translation as the interpretation of signs in one language with signs from another language. Their researches focused almost exclusively on the text and hardly involved matters apart from it. Since the 1980s, people started to consider translation as an independent subject, making the text-only researches therefore left behind in its wake and the traditional concept of translation progressively being challenged. With more scholars deriving new research techniques and expanding different ways of thinking from an interdisciplinary prospective, they finally introduced the field of translation to the cultural school. Thus translation is no longer a study either on words, sentences, segments or even on texts but has stepped into a social-cultural level.

The cultural school has shaken off from the original sphere of pursuing equivalence between source and target texts, focusing more on the historical and cultural contexts where specific renderings come into existence. As a translation theory that has broken through conventional aesthetic and linguistic pattern, the cultural approach comprehensively redefined the translation concept, translation method and translation process with a descriptive research method.

Key words: translation theories; cultural approach; C-E translation; influence

Contents

Chapter 1. Introduction ………………………………………………………………….1

1.1 Research Background ………………………………………………………….1

1.2 Structure of the Thesis ………………………………………………………….2

1.3 Significance of the Research ………………………………………………….3

Chapter 2. Achievements of Cultural Approach ……………………………………….3

2.1 The Content of Cultural Translation Theory ………………………………….3

2.2 Main Delegates in Cultural School …………………………………………….4

Chapter 3. Development of History of Cultural School in China ……………………...8

   3.1 Edification and Enlightenment in the 1980s  ………………………………...8

   3.2 Discussions and Dissemination since the New Century  ……………………...9

Chapter 4. C-E Literary Works from the Perspective of Cultural Approach …………10

4.1 Translation Strategy Selection ……………………………………………….10

4.1.1 Omission  …………………………………………………………….10

4.1.2 Amplification ………………………………………………………….12

4.1.3 Literal Translation …………………………………………………….13

4.1.4 Free Translation ……………………………………………………….14

4.2 Translation Principles ……………………………………….…………….….17

4.2.1 The Principle of Maximum Preservation …………………………….17

4.2.2 The Principle of Functional Equivalence …………………………….18

Chapter 5. The Influence of Cultural Approach on C-E Translation ………………….19

5.1 The Significance of Cultural Approach under Chinese Context ……………19

5.1.1 Redefinition of Translation Studies ………………………………20

5.1.2 The Introspection of Chinese Translation Field ………………………21

5.2 Attitude towards the Cultural Translation Studies …………………………22

5.2.1 Different Reviews among Scholars ……………………………………22

5.2.2 Construction and Innovation of the Translation Discipline …………22

Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………….23

References…………………………………………………………………………….24