摘　要

思维和语言具有相互作用的特点，但相互作用的双方在力量上的表现并不平衡。其中思维对语言具有决定性的作用，例如思维方式的不同使得语言的表达形式呈现出多样化的特点。而翻译过程始自语言，又终以语言。因此，翻译不仅是一种语言活动，更是一种思维活动。众所周知，思维的共性是翻译的基础。但思维还具有个性，即民族性，集中表现为各民族思维方式的差异。思维方式的不同形成语言表达形式上的明显差异，这是我们在翻译中经常会遇到的问题。本文笔者从思维与语言的关系入手，通过对英语实例的翻译和分析，比较英汉思维方式的不同及其在语言上的应用，简述了中西思维方式之间的差异和由此造成的语言表达上的分歧，旨在帮助英语学习者能够快速理解并准确掌握一些翻译策略，进而探究英汉翻译中摒弃思维方式消极干扰的途径。

关键词：英汉思维；思维差异；翻译

Abstract

Thought and language interact with each other, but the part each plays in the relationship is not in the balance and thought plays a decisive role. Thus different patterns of thinking lead to diverse language expressive forms. Translating process starts in language and ends in language. Translation is not only a kind of linguistic activity but also a kind of thinking activity as well. Thought has its universality, which is the basis of translation, but at the same time it has its individuality, namely national character, which is predominantly reflected in this fact that different nations have their own different modes of thinking. Then various modes of thinking give rise to various language expressive forms and this is the origin of the problems we often encounter in translation. To start with the relationship between thinking and language, the writer compares the thinking patterns of English and Chinese and the application in their language using by translating and analyzing some English examples and also describes the differences between Chinese thinking patters and Western ones and the divergence caused by the differences in language performance in order to help English learners be able to quickly understand and accurately grasp some translating strategies, and thereby explores some ways to abandon negative interferences from thinking patterns in E-C translation process.

Key words: English and Chinese thinking; Different thinking patterns; Translation

1 Introduction
Translation is a kind of link or bridge for people with different languages to communicate with each other; it is a process of translating between the original and target languages. But why will misunderstanding and even failure of understanding sometimes occur when Chinese students translate between the two languages? As a matter of fact, the process of translating concerns with not only the exchange of different language forms but also the exchange of different cultures. The differences in language expressions and ideas arrangement result from the different patterns of thought which embody the cultural characteristics.