摘  要

翻译是人类社会历史最悠久的活动之一，几乎与语言是同时诞生的。古今中外翻译活动都起着十分重要的作用，推动着不同文化的沟通，不同文化的传播以及新思想的传播。文化因素的翻译问题历来是我国翻译界关注的焦点。通过对文化翻译的研究，人们提出了沟通文化障碍的各种翻译手段。归化和异化就是其中最有代表性的一对。《红楼梦》被誉为中国古代最优秀的小说之一，其翻译始于19世纪初。迄今为止，最著名的当数中国翻译家杨宪益夫妇和英国学者霍克斯翻译的两个译本。本文通过实例，从遣词用字、句式结构以及翻译手段等方面对杨宪益夫妇的译本进行分析，以探讨杨氏夫妇在翻译《红楼梦》时所采用的技巧和策略，从而达到跨文化交际的目的。

关键词：翻译；红楼梦；跨文化

Abstract

Translation is one of the oldest activities in human history, emerging with language almost at the same time. Translation plays an important role in promoting inter-cultural communication and transmitting cultures and new ideas at home or abroad at all times. The translation of cultural factors has been a great concern for the translation community for a long time. After doing some researches on the translation of cultural factors, people have come up with all kinds of translation devices to pull through the cultural difficulties. Domestication and foreignization is the most representative pair. A Dream of Red Mansions is praised as one of the most excellent novel in the ancient China, whose translation was started from the early 19th century. So far, the two most well-know versions have been translated by the Yangs and Hawkes. In this dissertation, the author analyzes the Yangs’ version from words, sentences and translation methods with some examples in it to discuss the translation strategies and techniques the Yangs take to translate A Dream of Red Mansions and then to accomplish inter-cultural communication.

Key words: translation; A Dream of Red Mansions; inter-culture

1    Introduction
1.1    Background information
In the middle of the 18th century, the novel A Dream of Red Mansions written by the great writer Cao Xueqin came into being, which became a mark in the history of Chinese literature. It is generally seen as one of the four greatest Chinese classical literary works. It is a tragic love story of Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu, the two major characters; it is a story about the prosperity and decline of a big family; it is a reflection of the author’s own life and the social reality of his times.