Abstract：
Cultural image is an important element in literary works. As the image bears each people’s distinctive culture, it is sometimes difficult to preserve the original image as well as profound cultural meaning. In literary translation, the loss and dislocation of cultural images often occur. Translators must try their best to preserve the original cultural image and the profound meaning the image conveys. There are many ways to deal with image translation. The most ideal one is to directly translate the original image without changing it. This must be based on the prerequisite that there is the same image with the same meaning in the target language. However, sometimes loaning words from a foreign language is also a method even if they are different in images in both the original language and the target language. In most cases, translators have to change the original image in two cases: firstly, there is no relevant cultural image in the target language; secondly, though there is the same image in the target language, this image represents different cultural meanings. However, in the worst case, we have to abandon them in the following cases: the first is that there is neither the same image nor corresponding image in the target culture. The second is that although there is the same image, it is different in cultural meanings. The third is that if it is too complex to translate the original image, i.e., complex literary quotations, it is appropriate to give up the image. The fourth case is that if it is repeated to translate the original image for they have existed in the text, it is better to abandon it. On different occasions, the translators should use different methods to translate the original text, however, the prerequisite is that the underlying cultural meaning of the original text must be preserved.

Key words：Cultural image; free translation; word-for-word translation; cultural meaning; preservation

摘  要：
文化意象在文学作品中是一个重要的元素。由于意象带有各民族与众不同的文化，有时保留原意象和深层的文化意义是很难的。在文学翻译中，文化意象的缺失和错位经常发生。译者必须尽其所能保留原有文化意象和意象传达的深层意味。意象翻译有很多方法，最理想的方法是直接翻译原意象而不改变意象，这必须基于在译入语中有相同的意象并且它也带有相同含义的前提之上。然而，有时从外国语中借词也是一种方法，尽管它们在原语和译入语中有不同的含义。在大多数情况下，译者不得不在两种情形下改变原语意象：第一，在译入语中没有相关的文化意象；第二，尽管在译入语中有相同的意象，但它代表了不同的文化含义。然而，在大多数情况下，我们不得不在下列几种情况下舍弃意象，第一种是在目标文化中既没有相同的意象也没有相关的意象；第二种是尽管有相同的意象，它们所含的文化含义不同；第三种是如果翻译原意象太复杂了，例如复杂典故，舍弃该意象是合适的；第四种情况下是如果翻译原意象后与原文中本有的意象重复，最好舍弃该形象。在不同的情况下，译者应该采取不同的方法翻译原文，然而，前提是原文中隐含的文化意义必须被保留下来。

关键词：文化意象；意译；直译；文化含义；保留