Abstract：
As a unique genre of literature, children’s literature which includes fairy tales, novels, plays, has a significant effect on children as it brings them a marvelous fantastic spiritual world where they could enjoy themselves by sharing happiness and learning knowledge. But there are not enough theoretical researches of children’s literature translation. On the one hand, numerous translated versions of children’s books emerge, whereas on the other hand, the relevant translation theories of children’s literature are insufficient. Quite different from the traditional translation theories, the principle of Functional Equivalence proposed by Eugene A. Nida provides a new set of criteria for translation criticism. His theory promotes the development of translation, and thus serves as a proper theoretical foundation for the research of children’s literature translation. According to the theory, the translators should strive to create the same scene that the author wants to express originally and the readers of the translated version should be able to experience the same pleasure as the original readers did. The relationship of the target language receptors to the target text should be roughly equivalent to the relationship between the original receptors and the original text. The functional equivalence theory requires that an ideal translated version should be able to fulfill effective equivalence in the semantic, stylistic and cultural senses, which is also a basic standard of judging the quality of children’s literature translation. There are a lot of successful examples in the translation of Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, The Happy Prince, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer，The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn and so on. The translators should try their best to ensure that the target readers could enjoy the same feelings as the readers of the source text by employing various translation strategies in the translating process.

Key words: Functional Equivalence; translation; children’s literature; Nida

摘  要：
儿童文学包括神话故事，小说，戏剧等。作为一种特殊的文学形式,其对孩子的最大影响就是为他们带来无与伦比的梦幻精神世界。在这个世界里孩子们可以分享快乐,学习知识。但现在对儿童文学翻译缺乏足够的理论性研究。一方面,儿童图书翻译版本层出不穷,而另一方面,相关的翻译理论研究却不是很充分。不同于传统的翻译理论,奈达提出的功能对等提出了一套全新的翻译批评标准。其翻译理论大大促进了翻译的发展,并且也为儿童文学翻译研究奠定了适当的理论基础。根据这一理论，译者应努力构建等同于原作作者所表达的场景，而译本的读者应该能够体验到与原作读者同样的乐趣。目标语言接受者与目标文本的关系应大致等同于原作接受者与原文文本的关系。功能对等理论要求一个理想的译本应能有效地在语义，风格，文化方面均实现功能对等,这也是衡量儿童文学翻译质量的一个基本标准。在《爱丽丝漫游奇境记》、《小王子》、《汤姆•索亚历险记》、《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》等译作中都有很多成功的范例。译者应该尽其所能在翻译过程中利用各种翻译策略，以确保目标读者能够同原文读者具有同样的感受。

关键词：功能对等；翻译；儿童文学；奈达