Abstract：
Languge plays a role both as a bond and a window in people’s daily life. English and Chinese belong to two totally different language families, representing the eastern and western cultures respectively. The different histories, living environments, thinking patterns and expressing ways lead to the linguistic differences. Scholars both at home and abroad have done much research on this topic from various aspects such as the origins, the influence on writing, translation, teaching and international communication. In this paper, Chinese and English versions of Kong Yiji are taken as an example to analyze linguistic differences between Chinese and English by comparing their lexical, syntactic and textual differences with an aim to a better awareness and understanding of the two languages.

Key words: Linguistic differences; lexical differences; lyntatic differences; lexitual differences；Kong Yiji

摘  要：
语言既是一种纽带又是一扇窗口，在我们日常生活中起着相当重要的作用。由于英汉两个民族的风俗习惯、文化内涵、历史发展、生活环境、思维方式以及表达方法各不相同，英汉语言之间存在着许多的差异。国内外很多学者从不同角度对这一现象进行了分析、研究，如形成这一现象的具体原因以及它对写作、翻译、教学、跨文化交际等方面的影响。本文以《孔乙己》的中英译文为例，主要从词汇、句法以及篇章结构这三个方面来具体分析英汉语言之间的差异从而得出了解并掌握英汉语言差异能帮助我们更好地认识、了解这两种语言。

关键字：语言差异;　词汇差异; 句法差异; 篇章差异; 孔乙己

1 Introduction
Language is a semiotic system which combining voice with semantic. It is not only a very important tool in people’s communication and thinking, but aslo a vehicle saving people’s cognition. Every language can not only express people’s ideas but also eliminate misunderstanding and enhance mutual understanding of each other. Besides that, different people from different countries or nations could master more knowledge, kown about a wider world and enter into each other's hearts by learning their languages. In addition, since English is used the most widely in all over the world, we must kown about the linguistic differences between Chinese and English in order to avoid unnecessary misunderstandings and reduce the frequency of Chinglish.
Scholars both at home and abroad have done much research on this topic. For instance, Chen Fang told us differences between Chinese and English in using conjunction in her paper A Comparison and Translation of Conjunction between Chinese and English. Li Baorong analyzes different state of verbs between Chinese and English in his paper The Advantages of Dynamic Chinese and Static English Reflected in Translation and then gets a conclusion that “English prefers nouns while Chinese likes verbs”. Yao Jian published his paper The Influence of Linguistic Differences between Chinese and English on Translation and Writing. Chen Shuisheng took the Chinese and English version of Kong Yiji as an example to analysis different textual, syntactic and lexical cohesive devices and then knows that the idea of different cohesive can make us do better in translating. Cheng Hongwei did an analysis on the artistic achievements of English Version of Kong Yiji from the perspective of the novel aesthetics; Nida, Eugene wrote his book Language and Culture: Contexts in Translating.