摘 要

隐喻是一种改变语义的过程，它不仅仅只是一种修辞手法，它贯穿于一切语言之中，且越来越广泛地应用于我们的日常生活中，而中西方各自的隐喻有其特殊的含义，故歧义和误解在所难免，所以十分有必要研究隐喻的翻译。莎剧中有许多隐喻，且莎剧译本众多，本文旨在通过对莎剧各译本隐喻的翻译的对比，研究出更好的翻译隐喻的方法，对以后的翻译工作有所帮助。

关键字：翻译； 隐喻； 莎剧；策略

Abstract

Metaphor is a process of changing words’ meaning, it is no longer just a figure of speech, it is throughout all the languages and more and more widely used in our daily life. However, Chinese metaphors and English metaphors have their own characters and special meanings, so it may easily cause misunderstanding and ambiguity. So it is quite necessary to study the translation of it. In Shakespeare’s plays, there are a lot of metaphors and there are many different translations of Shakespeare’s plays. This essay intends to find out better strategies to translate metaphors by comparing each different translation of Shakespeare’s plays of metaphors. And hope to help the future research.

Key words: Translation; Metaphor; Shakespeare’s plays; Strategy

1. Introduction

Nowadays, China is communicating with the world more and more frequently, so translation, as a tool of communicating between people from different countries, is very important.
    According to Lakoff G & Johnson, metaphor is pervasive in our daily life, not merely in our language but in our conceptual system, that is to say, it happens not only in human’s language but also in human’s thinking and behavior.(Dingfang Su,1998,6:1) The substance of metaphor is that to understand and experience one thing through another thing. According to this, we can see that metaphor is more and more widely used in our daily life.
    While Chinese metaphors and English metaphors have their own characters and different people will have different ideas about metaphors, so there is an urgent need to study the translation of metaphor. This thesis intends to find much better ways of metaphors’ translation through the comparison of Shakespeare’s plays’ different translation versions and to gain more knowledge about the translation of metaphor.