摘 要

《红楼梦》是一部具有高度思想性和高度艺术性的伟大作品，可以代表古典小说艺术的最高成就。它以独特的语言魅力吸引着古今中外无数人品读研究，从而形成了红学。
《红楼梦》中究竟出现了多少人物,颇难作出准确的统计,总之有三四百人。《红楼梦》之所以能够为世人推崇，除因其深厚的思想文化内涵之外，还与其精湛的语言艺术分不开，而最能体现这一古典名著艺术特色的就是其中的人物名称。
本文分析了 David Hawkes 与杨宪益夫妇合译的《红楼梦》中的人名翻译以及不同之处。文章认为,霍克斯采取了使用不同的称谓、译音译义、使用法语与拉丁语以及增词等各种手法 ,将《红楼梦》中众多人物的长幼、主仆、尊卑等错综复杂的关系揭示得一清二楚。而杨宪益夫妇主要通过大量的直译手法，展现了与霍克斯完全不同的风格。

关键词：红楼梦；人名；翻译
 
Abstract

The Dream of Red Mansion is a highly ideological work with highly artistic quality, which can represent the highest achievement of Chinese classical novels. It is unique in its numerous characters and appeals readers from home and abroad.
It is quite difficult to make an accurate statistics to find out that how many people are there in The Dream of Red Mansion. But we can say there are three or four hundred people at least. The Dream of Red Mansion respected by the people throughout the world not only because it is profound in culture deposit, but also because of its superb language arts, which can be fully reflected in the names of characters.
This paper analyses the ways David Hawkes and Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang used in translating names in their version of The Dream of Red Mansion. Hawkes and his co-translator successfully straightened out the very complicated relationships based on age, blood, seniority in the novel by means of using different titles, transliteration and employing French and Latin words. As to Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang, they present a totally different picture by their massive use of transliteration.

Keywords: The Dream of Red Mansion; names; translation

Chapter 1 Introduction
Tim Bennet claimed that “one’s name is destined, for most people, to be little more than a label” (2000:139).  Although most personal names indicate their bearers’ sex, nationality or   family background, the main purpose of the emergence of personal names is to facilitate the communication in human society. However, since most literary works are to use limited words to express immeasurable ideas, every character is designed elaborately. Therefore, as an important part of characters, personal names are definitely much more than a label in literary works.