摘要

本文从文化翻译的角度研究译者主体性，着重分析文化翻译与译者主体性的关系。两者之间的关系主要表现在:译者主体性从翻译准备阶段至翻译作品完成，自始至终影响并制约着文化翻译，而文化翻译的结果则反映了译者主体性发挥的适当与否。
为进一步阐明文化翻译中的译者主体性,本文以两英译本《道德经》为例进行对比研究,得出一些对翻译的启示。

关键词：文化翻译，译者主体性，《道德经》    

Abstract

This paper studies translator’s subjectivity from the perspective of cultural translation and focuses on the relationship between them. The relationship between cultural translation and translator’s subjectivity is that translator’s subjectivity restricts cultural translation continuously from the preparation period to the accomplishment of translation while the results of cultural translation reflect whether translator’s subjectivity exerts appropriately.
To further clarify translator’s subjectivity in cultural translation, this paper makes a contrastive analysis on the two English versions of Tao Te Ching by D.C. Lau and James Legge to obtain some enlightenment on translation.. 

Key words: cultural translation, translator’s subjectivity, Tao Te Ching    

1. Introduction
In traditional translation theory, translation is defined as a mechanical transformation from one language to another. The traditional translation theory once dominated in the translation field. Since the 1970s, translation researchers have paid attention to cultural translation. “Cultural turn”, which was first put forward by Susan Bassnett and Andre Lefevere in Translation, History and Culture (1990), uncovered the veil of translation from linguistic translation to cultural translation. Since then, translation is no longer a simple process of decoding, but a way for cultural communication. That is to say, cultural translation holds the view that translation has a quite close relationship with ideology and social development. Cultural translation breaks the form boundary of two languages and releases translation from linguistics. Translators should not only transfer bilingual meanings accurately, but also fully keep and transfer two cultures. Therefore, translators are no longer passive or invisible, but play active roles. The relationship between cultural translation and translator’s subjectivity is that translator’s subjectivity restricts cultural translation continuously from the preparation period to the accomplishment of translation while the results of cultural translation reflect whether translator’s subjectivity exerts appropriately.