摘 要

人名作为中华文化的一个独特组成，不单单是字与字的简单组合，还涵盖着历史、风俗、宗教、价值观等文化要素。文学作品中的人名更是如此，除了本身的字面含义，还带有作者的内在构思，起着暗示人物性格、揭示人物命运、铺垫下文等作用。《红楼梦》作为中国四大名著之一，素有“中国封建社会百科全书”之称，在此书中，曹雪芹先生先后安排四百多位人物出场，各个人名都有意、有所指。本文从归化/异化的角度，通过研究霍克斯版《红楼梦》中人名的翻译方法，以探讨针对人名的翻译方法及其优缺点。本研究发现在翻译人名时，要综合把握归化、异化这个大方向，不可只重其一，运用添加法、删除法、借用法、音译法和修辞再现法等翻译方法，力求达到最佳的文学效果。从归化/异化的角度探讨人名翻译方法，为中文人名翻译提供具体实际的方法，达到翻译方法多样化，向西方更有效的传播中国文化，特别是人名文化，促进世界各国的文化交流。

关键词：人名；翻译方法；归化；异化；红楼梦

ABSTRACT:

As a distinctive component of Chinese culture, names are not just simple arrays of characters, but also involve cultural elements, such as history, customs, religions, values and so on, especially names in literature works which contain conception inside, imply character personalities, reveal figures’ fate and foreshadow following plots. The Story of the Stone, known as the encyclopedia of the feudal society is one of four classic works in China, in which the author, Cao Xueqin created more than 400 characters whose names possess certain meanings and intentions. This dissertation discusses translated names in The Story of the Stone and then probes into different translation methods of names, including their disadvantages and advantages from the perspective of domestication and foreignization. It is found that the basic orientation of domestication and foreignization shall be kept and be put equal weight in name translation. At the same time, different methods such as addition, deletion, borrowing, transliteration and rhetoric emersion can be utilized in name translation to achieve the best version of translation. The translation methods, from the perspective of domestication and foreignization, offer concrete and realistic approaches to name translation with the purpose of diversified translation. Moreover, name translation plays a crucial role in propagating Chinese culture, especially name culture which promotes the cultural exchanges of different countries.

Key Words:  Names; translation methods; domestication; foreignization; The Story of the Stone