摘要

《我自己的歌》是19世纪美国著名诗人惠特曼最早写成、最有代表性、最卓越的一首长诗，也是其巨作《草叶集》中的第一首，具有极高的艺术价值。美国学者将其评价为新时代的史诗，篇幅巨大，内容丰富。《我自己的歌》多次被译成中文，其译本一直倍受译学界的关注。本论文试图从英国著名翻译学家纽马克的语义翻译和交际翻译理论出发，对《我自己的歌》的三个比较有权威的中译本进行比较研究,包括楚图南译本、赵萝蕤译本和李野光译本。论文主要比较三个译本的题目、词汇和平行结构，分析纽马克翻译理论在其翻译实践中的应用与其各自的翻译特点。纽马克的翻译理论在西方翻译界颇具影响力，在我国近几年也形成热潮。翻译理论在逐步更新与完善，需要与时俱进地在实践中加以检验。并且《我自己的歌》这样的名作不断会有新的译本出现，译本间的比较也有助于翻译工作的提高与改进。希望为惠特曼诗歌的中英翻译做出一定贡献，打开一个新的研究视角。

关键词：纽马克；语义翻译；交际翻译；惠特曼；《我自己的歌》

Abstract

Song of Myself is the most famous, outstanding and representative long poem of American poet Walt Whitman, and it’s also the first poem of Leaves of Grass. Song of Myself is a grand and magnificent masterpiece which also has a profound connotation and very high art value. As a literary classic, Song of Myself has been translated into Chinese for many times, and the Chinese versions have attracted close attention of translation field. This paper tries to make a comparative study of the most authoritative three Chinese versions of Song of Myself translated by Chu Tunan, Zhao Luorui and Li Yeguang in light of English Translation theorist Newmark’s Semantic Translation Theory and Communicative Translation Theory. Through comparing their translation of title, vocabulary and parallelism, this paper tires to analyze the application of Newmark’s translation theory and the three translators’ different translation styles. Newmark’s translation theory is very influential in Western countries, and it’s also very popular in China recent years. Translation theories are updating and perfecting, and they need to be tested in practice. There will be new translations of masterpiece as Song of Myself. The comparison n between translation versions is good to the perfecting of translation work. This paper tries to make contribution to the English-Chinese translation of Whitman’s poems and offer a new research perspective.

Key words: Newmark; Semantic Translation; Communicative Translation; Walt Whitman; Song of Myself