摘  要

语言是文化的载体，而在语言的海洋里，亲属称谓占据重要的数量并扮演着非常重要的角色。称谓不仅是一种语言现象，更是一种文化现象。英汉语言中亲属称谓的不同，可以说从一个侧面反映了东西方文化的差异。本文试图从比较东西方亲属称谓习惯和语义来揭示其在翻译中的差异。两者有着不同的称谓类别，具有不同的称谓习惯和其发展特点。家庭观念、血缘类型、礼貌原则、宗教观念、文化差异等都是造成两种称谓系统差异的原因。汉英称谓从词汇、句法、语篇、语境等方面在翻译上存在诸多差异，因此，本文将通过对亲属称谓语属性和用法的分析和对比，对中英称谓的翻译进行简要分析。

关键词：亲属称谓；翻译；差异

Abstract

Language is the carrier of culture, and in the sea of language, the kinship terms occupy an important number and plays a very important role. The kinship terms is not only a linguistic phenomenon,but also a cultural phenomenon. Language is influenced by culture and culture is reflected in language. English and Chinese kinship terms, it can be said from one side to reflect the cultural differences between East and West. This paper attempts to reveal the differences in translation from the comparison between the Eastern and Western habits and semantic kinship terms. There are two different categories have different appellation, habits and characteristics of its development. The main reasons for differences lie in the family structure, consanguinity, courtesy principle, religious faith and culture differences. Based on the great differences in the translation from the vocabulary, syntax, discourse and context between Chinese and English kinship terms, the paper systematically compares and analysis the two systems on their own attributes and usages, a brief analysis is presented on how to translate addressing forms between Chinese and English.

Key words: kinship terms; translation; differences