摘要

随着世界经济的发展和跨国交际的日益增多，跨文化交际中的语用问题已引起了国内外学者们的高度重视。在跨文化交际中，来自于不同文化背景的人们习惯于将本族文化规约和语言知识带入交际行为，引起语用失误，影响跨文化交流的顺利进行。围绕论题，本文主要从四个方面入手，（1）语用失误研究的背景和意义；（2）跨文化交际中语用失误的表现形式；（3）跨文化交际语用失误的原因分析；（4）跨文化交际语用失误的防范对策。本文旨在通过对跨文化交际中的语用失误进行分析，希望能够帮助跨文化交际者理解不同国家之间的不同的文化取向，从而尽可能的达到成功交际的目的。

关键词：跨文化；交际；语用失误

Abstract

With the development of global economy and the increase of cross-cultural communication, pragmatic problems in cross-cultural communication have aroused highly attention by home and abroad scholars. In cross-cultural communication, people from different cultures are accustomed to transfer their native conventions and linguistic knowledge into communication. Thus pragmatic failure will occur and influence the successful process of cross-cultural communication. Revolving the proposition, the thesis divides into four aspects, 1) the background and significance of pragmatic failure research; 2) expressing forms of pragmatic failure in the cross-cultural communication; 3) analysis on pragmatic failure and its reasons in the cross-cultural communication; 4) precautions strategies of pragmatic failure in the cross-cultural communication. Through an analysis of the pragmatic failures, this passage hopes to help communicators understand the different cultural orientation of different countries and try to achieve a successful communication.

Key words: cross-cultural; communication; pragmatic failure

1. Introduction

In recent years, the development in foreign travel for business, study and pleasure, etc, the expansion of international trade and the migration of people seeking work in the multinational companies have naturally led to a concomitant increase in contacts across national boundaries. Since there are significant differences in different cultures, even the same message may be interpreted differently by different individuals. This may cause troubles in any situation of contact between them. It’s the failure of communication. Such miscommunication is a retrospective recognition that one person’s intentions have not been understood accurately by another participant. And most miscommunication happened because of the pragmatic failures in cross-cultural communication, it often deeply influence the process of a successful cross-cultural communication. Thus, it seems important to have a research in the area of pragmatic failure in cross-cultural communication.