摘要

1980年的莱考夫和约翰逊在《我们赖以生存的隐喻》 (Metaphors We Live By)一书中提出：隐喻的本质是通过一类事物来理解和经历另一类事物，即概念隐喻在本质上是认知的，人类可以通过概念隐喻来理解世界。概念隐喻使人类以一个更加具体的概念去系统的理解另一世界，譬如说，用战争理解体育比赛。
我们经常发现一个现象，不论在在体育新闻报道中，还是在体育赛事解说、体育评论中，大量使用的军事词。人们把体育比赛当做一场战争。本文应用隐喻认知理论对新闻报道进行分析，探索战争隐喻成为体育新闻报道特色的原因，战争隐喻在新闻应用中的意义以及修饰效果，并且提出如何正确使用战争隐喻。
通过对语料的分析，笔者发现战争隐喻成为体育新闻报道中特色有两个方面的原因：显性和隐性理据。显性理据是指体育的本体来源，战争和体育比赛的相似性以及认知的结果。隐性理据是指人类战争的历史,体育新闻报道的需要和战争域中丰富的词汇。运用战争隐喻可以使体育新闻报道表达更形象、更生动、更贴切，增强了体育比赛的激烈性和对抗性，读者也从其所表达内容中受到感染。

关键词：战争隐喻；   体育新闻报道；     理据

Abstract

The contemporary theory of metaphor represented by Lakoff and Johnson who wrote The Metaphor We Live By in 1980 claims that the essence of metaphor is understanding and experiencing one kind of thing in terms of another. In other word, metaphor is cognitive in nature by which human understands the material world. Furthermore，conceptual metaphor allows people to understands a comparatively abstract concept in terms of a more concrete concept systematically. We can find that numerous military terms are applied to sports news report or sports comment. Readers consider that GAME IS WAR.
Through using the cognitive approach to metaphor，this paper has conducted a analysis of war metaphors applied in sports news report, in order to find out the reason why war metaphor becomes a feature in sports news report. What’s more, the author wants to find the significance and rhetorical effect of war metaphor and how to use war metaphor correctly.
The present thesis is a tentative study of sports news report from a cognitive theory assisted by the data that is collected from newspapers. It has been found that the origins of war metaphor are divided into two types: phenotype motivation and covert motivation. Phenotype motivation indicates that origin of sports, the similarity between war and sports. The author also fined that this is also a result of cognition. Meanwhile, the covert motivation is made up of three parts: war history of human, the requirement of sports news report, and rich vocabulary in the source domain of war. War metaphor makes the report more vivid, visual and proper which describes the intension and competitiveness of the atmosphere.

Key words: war metaphor;   sports news reports;   motivation;