Abstract

    Linguistic taboo is a kind of special and important language phenomenon, social phenomenon and culture phenomenon. Because of its sensibility, people always avoid using it in daily communication. However, as an indispensable tool of expression, linguistic taboo widely exists in human society. Language cannot live without context, and the maximum value of linguistic taboo can be reflected only in different contexts. Therefore, the Context Theory is an important factor to support this thesis.
    On the basis of the previous researches, the thesis starts from the concept, causes, types and features of taboo, then combines some relative contextual theories and some examples in real life to do some research and discuss the use of linguistic taboo under different contexts. Thus the impacts of some contextual factors on the use of linguistic taboo are summarized such as participants, activities, psychology and politeness. At last, the thesis gives out three communicative functions of taboo in certain contexts: humor, catharsis and showing one’s character. The study and analysis of the use of linguistic taboo in different contexts can help people effectively avoid some misunderstanding in communications, improve people’s communicative competence and promote the language communication to be more harmonious. 

Key Words: linguistic taboo  context  impact  communicative function

摘 要

    禁忌语是一种特殊的, 非常重要的语言现象、社会现象、文化现象。因为禁忌语本身的敏感性，在交流中人们常常避免使用它。然而，作为不可或缺的表达工具，它却普通存在于人类社会中。语言的存在离不开语境，特别是禁忌语的使用只有在不同的语境中才能最大的体现出其存在的价值。因此语境理论是支撑本文论点的一个重要因素。
    在前人研究的基础上，本文从禁忌语本身的概念、起因、类型和特点出发，结合相关的语境理论以及生活中的实例，研究并讨论了禁忌语在不同语境下的使用，从而总结了部分语境因素例如参与者、场景活动、心理因素及礼貌因素对禁忌语的使用产生的影响及禁忌语在一些语境中所体现出的作用如幽默、宣泄和体现不同性格人的特征。学习并研究禁忌语在各种语境下的使用可以帮助人们有效避免交流过程中的误区，提高人们的交际能力，促进语言交际向更和谐的方向发展。

关键词：禁忌语 语境 影响 交际作用