摘 要

在人类发展过程中，性别意识始终存在。语言中的性别差异也是一种极其普遍的现象。称谓语作为词汇的一个重要组成部分，在一定程度上反映出这种现象。而语言的发展和社会是密不可分的，语言中差异的形成是整个社会背景和价值观的缩影。因而对比英汉称谓语中性别歧视，可以看出在两种文化中对女性性别歧视的程度，同时有助于挖掘其背后的历史和社会原因。此外，对于其产生根源的深入了解将会在消除性别歧视方面起到巨大作用。本文旨在通过对英汉称谓语中性别歧视现象的研究探讨其产生的原因及称谓语中性别歧视的消除。

关键词：性别歧视；称谓语；女权主义；消除
 
Abstract

During the development of human society, the consciousness of sex has always existed. And it is also a universal phenomenon that there are differences between male and female in language. Therefore, address form, an important part of vocabulary, reflects this phenomenon to some extent. At the same time, there is tight connection between language and society. The differences in language are the epitome of the society’s background and environment. So the research of sexism in address term can be helpful to compare the degrees of sexism in two different cultures, and contribute to finding resources of sexism. In addition, the understanding of causes will play a great part in the elimination of sexism. The article is to discuss the resources of sexism and the elimination of sexism through the analysis of sexism in address term.

Keywords: sexism; address term; resources; elimination

Chapter 1 Introduction
Language, a social phenomenon, is tightly connected with social structure and social value system. Therefore, specific social values must have a reflection in its language.
The word “sexism” was actually put forward in 1970 by women liberation movement. It is a kind of discriminated phenomenon based on sex. It includes the discrimination against women and the discrimination against men, especially against women. Actually, sexism generally refers to the discrimination against women. And its reflection in language is the different expressions of words and sentences presenting men and women. Sexism in language includes many aspects such as vocabulary and adages.
There is a long history for the research of gender language. In 1922, Jesperson had developed a chapter called “The Women” in the book Language. And in the book “Growth and Structure of the English Language” he said that English was the strongest male language among all the languages that he was familiar with. In addition, he discussed the differences between male language and female language through vocabulary and syntax. In the 1960s, many famous scholars began to pay attention to such differences and tried to use social linguistics in the research, especially for the analysis of female language.