摘 要

随着北京奥运会和上海世博会的成功召开，中西文化的交流与融合不断加深，其中，中西方食物有着截然不同的风格，尤其是在主食方面，中国人喜好谷物类，而西方人喜好肉类，中国人讲究食物的味美而西方人更注重营养价值。饮食属于文化，同时也影响着文化的形成，通过分析中国和西方对于主食的喜好与要求，阐释产生差异的原因，从而揭示中西方在人体体格方面产生的差异，西方人偏向于又高又壮，而中国人偏向于又瘦又小；在性格方面，西方人更为注重个人主义讲求独立性，而中国人注重集体意识依赖性更强；在社会形态方面，西方较之中方更为明主，更为透明。中国人的植物性格与西方人的动物性格[1]有着其各自的优缺点，在文化交流中既有融合又会产生摩擦，对于饮食文化的对比研究，更有助于加强中西方文化的交流，更好的展现共荣的地球村。
 
关键词：饮食文化；交流；差异；地球村

Abstract

The cultural exchange and integration between China and western countries have been deepened with the successfully holding up Beijing Olympics and Shanghai EXPO. The food especially the staple food between China and western countries is dramatically different in style.  Chinese people are fond of grains, while western people more prefer to meat. Chinese people pay attention to taste, while westerners put emphasis on food nutrition. Diet belongs to culture, and it also has impact on the formation of culture. Through analysis of fondness and requirement about staple food between China and western countries, it can reveal the reasons for these differences. Thus, it can explain the disparity of the physique between Chinese and westerners. The westerners are mostly tall and strong, while Chinese are short and weak. Regarding to character, westerners put more emphasis on individualism and independence, while Chinese are more on collectivism. As to social pattern, western countries are more democratic and transparent than China. Both advantages and disadvantages exist in flora Chinese character and fauna westerner character. There are integration and friction during the cultural exchange. Therefore, the search and comparison for dietary culture will be conducive to reinforce the cultural exchange and to build a prosperous global village.

Keywords: dietary culture; exchange; difference; global village

Chapter 1 Introduction
With the development of industrial society, people become increasingly concerned about what they eat. There is a saying, “People are what they eat”.The saying highly appreciates the food because they compose the human beings. It may exaggerate the function of food, but it really put emphasis on our daily food. Thus, it explains the reason why people are more particular about food than before and why food is becoming so crucial to all of us. Food, as essential prerequisite for existence, is the substance that provides the nutrients necessary to maintain life and growth. It plays an irreplaceable role in the development of society and in the progress of human beings, whether in ancient times when primitive man ate the raw flesh of birds and beasts or in modern times when humans have entered the new era of information, and whether in East or in West.