[摘  要]

动物习语是英汉习语中的重要组成部分，承载着丰富的文化内涵。由于文化背景不同，表达习惯不同而在语用过程中产生差异动物习语的语用差异与多方面的因素有关，但归根结底动物习语的语用差异还是由各民族的文化所决定。本文具体从习俗文化，价值取向，宗教信仰，地理环境和传说典故等方面分析语用差异及产生差异的文化内，帮助人们理解产生动物习语语用差异的原因，避免语用失误，减少误解，促进文化的交流。

[关键词] 动物习语；语用差异；因素；语用失误

Abstract：

Animal idioms play an important role in English and Chinese idioms, carrying the rich cultural connotations. Pragmatic disparities in the use language lie in different cultural backgrounds and the ways of expression. Many factors contribute to differences but all in all pragmatic differences are determined by the national cultures. The paper reveals pragmatic differences from custom, value，religion belief，geographic site , legend and so on in detail and analyzes the cultural roots and take the measures accordingly. This paper aims to help people to understand the reasons of pragmatic differences, avoid pragmatic failures, reduce misunderstanding as well as promote cross-cultural exchange.  

Key words：animal idioms; pragmatic differences; factors; pragmatic failures

1.    Introduction
It is known that, the number of people using Chinese language is large and English is widely used in the world.  Language and culture，intrinsically dependent on each other，have evolved together through the history [1]. Idioms are the essences of language, language is cream of culture. In addition, animal idioms are usual in each language, so do English and Chinese, reflecting the native culture. Animal idioms are passed from generation to generation, carrying the national culture. Many people in different countries understand the different meaning of the same animal idioms. Why? Different nations have different cultures and the same animal idiom has different meanings in different countries.
In recent years, many linguists have paid much attention to cross---culture communication. They have devoted much into pragmatic comparison of language and cultures between English and Chinese [2]. They have already published some cultural differences in English and Chinese animal idioms and on the differences and similarities of animal words in Chinese and English idioms, but only a few linguists researched the pragmatic differences in culture.