摘要

语言是文化的载体, 而称谓则是语言的一个必要组成部分。在不同的文化背景之下, 存在着许多不同的称谓词。同样的称谓词，也可能有不同的语用规则, 和其独特的文化含义。一个恰当、合适的称谓语有利于促进我们的人际沟通。本文主要从日常英语和汉语的称谓词进行了比较, 分析了在家庭结构、价值观、信仰和层次结构的基础下，所包含的社会、历史和文化等因素。在跨文化交际中, 更好的了解将引导你进行有效的沟通。

关键词：英汉称谓；亲属称谓；社会称谓；文化差异；差异根源

Abstract

Language is the carrier of culture, appellation is a necessary part of language. And in different culture background, there are many different appellations, also the same appellation may have different pragmatic rules and their own unique cultural meanings. An appropriate and proper appellation will help us have an interpersonal communication fluently. This paper mainly makes a comparison between daily English and Chinese appellation and analyzes the social, historical and cultural factors behind the differences on the basis of family structures, values, beliefs and sense of hierarchy. In inter-cultural communication, a better understanding will lead you an effective communication.

Key Words:  Chinese and English appellation;  kinship appellation; social appellation;  cultural differences; the origin of the differences