Abstract:
 Ernest Miller Hemingway was a great American writer and had an enormous influence on 20th-century fiction. Hemingway had very rich experience in an era of exceptional turbulence; especially he had taken part in three great wars: World War I, Spanish Civil War and World War II. Because of his colorful life, he had so much writing inspiration that he created lots of famous works. The Old Man and the Sea, one of Hemingway’s successful works, led to the top of Hemingway’s career of writing and made him receive the Pulitzer Prize in 1953 and the Nobel Prize in 1954. Based on a real person and story, Hemingway created a vivid old man, Santiago who is a tragic character throughout the whole novel and told a fishing story about him. The strong tragic color is the essence of the novel, which has moved and attracted all of the readers. Tragic color in this novel is mainly presented in two parts, the first respect is the titanic fish’s tragedy; the second quarter is the old man’s tragedy. The old man’s tragedy is the main tragedy in the novella. It is shown in the following aspects: his miserable daily life, tragic endings and ambivalent feeling. His tragedy complex closely connected with his experience in wars and personal feeling.

Key words: The Old Man and the Tea; Hemingway; Santiago; tragic color

摘 要：
欧内斯特•海明威是一个伟大的美国作家，他对20世纪的小说有着深刻影响。他有着丰富的人生经历，他曾参加过三次伟大的战争。正是由于他丰富的人生经历，他才能写出一部又一部杰出的作品。他的小说《老人与海》是他的众多伟大著作之一。它成功得将海明威的写作事业推向了一个高潮。凭借这部作品，海明威在1953获得普利策奖，并在1954年获诺贝尔奖。在这部小说中，海明威生动形象地塑造了一个老人的形象，描述的是一个老人圣地亚哥捕鱼的故事。小说中浓厚的悲剧色彩是这部小说的精华所在，它感染着每一个位读者。这一悲剧色彩不仅表现在大马林鱼身上，更深刻的体现在老人的身上。老人的悲剧在于其悲惨的处境，不幸的结局以及其矛盾的心理之中。这部小说继承了海明威一贯的悲剧情结，这一情结与海明威的生活经历和个人情感有着密切的联系。

关键词：《老人与海》； 海明威； 圣地亚哥； 悲剧色彩

1    Introduction
Ernest Miller Hemingway was a great American writer and journalist. Hemingway's distinctive writing style characterized by economy and understatement had an enormous influence on 20th-century fiction, as did his apparent life of adventure and the public image he cultivated. The Old Man and the Sea, one of his most famous novellas was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1953 and Nobel Prize in 1954. In the novella, Hemingway created Santiago, the “old man”, who is a tragic character throughout the whole story. Tragic ending was the characteristic of Hemingway’s works. His tragedy complex closely connected with his experience in wars and personal feeling.