摘  要

本文旨在分析安东圣艾修伯里安东•德•圣艾修伯里（Antoine de Saint－Exupéry）在《小王子》（Le Petit Prince，1943）中所展现的自我。历史上的相关研究文章经常都是将小王子、作者以及飞行员分开来研究，很少将三者合并起来分析.本文便意在将作者、飞行员以及小王子结合起来反映作者本人的自我。本文的分析主要关注作者的心灵自我及社会自我，以及他们之间的碰撞与冲突。心理学分析在此是一项重要而不可或缺的分析方法；发展心理学、先天－后天论等社会学理论也是本文主要运用的方法。小王子代表了圣艾修伯里的心灵自我，而飞行员代表了其社会自我。同时，在其两者的碰撞与冲突中，圣艾修伯里更主要是基于小王子，即其心灵自我，的立场。通过此次分析，相信会呈现一个圣艾修伯里更为清晰的形象。另外，这会对成年人有所启发，使其意识到很重要的一点，即所有成年人都不能忘记自己曾经是孩子，而保持一颗童真的心具有重要的意义。

关键词：小王子，安东•德•圣艾修伯里，心理学，社会自我，心灵自我

Abstract

This paper is written to analyze The Little Prince’s author Antoine de Saint-Exupéry’s self as reflected in his The Little Prince. Most previous studies are done to analyze the author, the pilot and the little prince separately, seldom connecting them together for self analysis of the author Antoine de Saint-Expuéry. This analysis focuses on his psychic self and social self, and their collisions and conflicts. The psychological criticism is an important and indispensable methodology here; developmental psychology, nature-nurture issue as well as some sociology theory are exerted. Saint-Exupéry has his essential nature or psychic self, which the little prince presents, and his social self represented by the pilot coexisting in his life. Meanwhile, he goes through the collision and conflict between this two, but he is inclined to his psychic self. Through this analysis, a much clearer image of Saint-Exupéry is to be presented. Additionally, there are enlightening and precepts for grown-ups to be aware of and learn from. The most important point is that the grown-ups should not forget that they were once children and to keep childlike innocence is of great significance.

Key Words: The Little Prince，Antoine de Saint-Exupéry，Psychology，Psychic Self，Social Self

1  Introduction
Antoine de Saint-Exupéry is a French aviator and writer, a real life hero who looked at adventure and danger with poet's eyes －sometimes from the viewpoint of a child. Saint-Exupéry's most famous work is The Little Prince (1943), with his own illustrations. It has become one of the classics of children's literature of the 20th century. However, this novel is not a fable for children but for adults, having toppled the fairy tale literature tradition.
A majority of studies focus on the little prince himself and his journey, and about their symbolisms or love in the aspects of the prince with his rose, fox and other strange adults in his journey. However, few researches are done to analyze the author—Antoine de Saint-Exupéry himself. The author died one year after this novel was finished. He was listed as missing in mid-1944 after his plane disappeared during a reconnaissance mission somewhere around southern France or North Africa. For sixty years speculation was that he committed suicide by crashing into his beloved Sahara, which added to his legend and helped sell his desert books. Finally, it has been proved that he would be dead for his bracelet had been found.