摘要

英国科幻作家阿瑟•克拉克笔下太空题材科幻作品代表《2001: 太空奥德赛》，用寓言的形式阐释人类在宇宙中存在意义这一主题。小说通过一系列与现实世界紧密联系的“象征物”来表现人类文明发展的曲折过程，表达对人性的思考与对未来的展望。现实世界中，科学技术的发展带给人类的不仅仅是生活方式的变革,同时也影响着人们的思维方式。在《2001: 太空奥德赛》中，人类运用创造力带来的智能产物最终带给人类自身毁灭性的打击。西方科学幻想小说里有一大部分优秀作品都在一定程度上反映了社会现实中的矛盾和问题，尤其在涉及到生命、自然，生态环境与科技、未来，生物工程的方面，科幻小说所展现的未来蓝图常常具有指导或警戒的意义。
本论文要论证的主题是作为现代科幻小说的优秀代表作之一，《2001: 太空奥德赛》成功向读者传递了科学幻想小说的核心精神——激励与警示。论文主要分为三大部分，第一部分包括作者、作品简介，科学幻想小说领域的简单介绍，以及涉及《2001: 太空奥德赛》主题的研究成果。第二部分对小说中具有代表性“象征物”的形式和意义进行对比分析。第三部分在第二部分文本分析的基础上，以《2001: 太空奥德赛》为例，论证科幻作品作为现实世界的一面“哈哈镜”，具有深刻的意义与影响，其中积极与消极两方面并存，由此决定了科学幻想小说具备激励与警示的核心精神作用。

关键词：激励，警示，科学幻想小说，核心精神
 
Abstract

2001: A Space Odyssey is a Science Fiction written by British writer Arthur C. Clarke.
It provides many possible scenes in the future, elaborating the meanings of existence of human being in the universe. It depicts the twists and turns in the process of development of human civilization by a series of symbolic objects, providing an optimistic outlook. In the real world, the scientific and technological advancement not only brings about qualitative leap of living standard, but also promotes the innovative thinking pattern. In 2001: A Space Odyssey, human beings face up to the devastating blow that comes from the invention made by themselves, which is not rare to see in most excellent contemporary western Science Fictions, in order to offer a guiding function especially involving problems of conflicts between life, nature, ecological environment and technology, future, biological engineering.
This thesis tries to demonstrate the core spirit of Science Fiction is inspiration and warning, which is well-expressed in 2001: A Space Odyssey. The thesis can be divided into three major parts. The first part includes all brief introductions to author, novel, literature reviews and background knowledge of Science Fiction. The second part analyses the form and meaning of key symbolic objects in text. The third part, based on the research results, discusses the positive and negative significances of Science Fiction towards the real world reflected by 2001: A Space Odyssey.

Key words: inspiration, warning, Science Fiction, core spirit