Abstract

Fitzgerald was the most typical representative novelist in the 1920s. The Great Gatsby is his most well-known novel and regarded as the microcosm of the society in the era of Jazz Age. Scholars show great interest in the study of characterization, themes and social significance of The Great Gatsby. However, this thesis conducts a research into social effects on Daisy from the perspective of discourse analysis.
This thesis is to interpret the effect of male chauvinism, mammonism and new feminism on Daisy through mediated discourse analysis. First of all, she is deeply oppressed by male chauvinism. For example, in her marriage, she is anxious about her husband’s leaving for just one minute and makes a commitment to her husband against her will while facing his questioning. She even curses her baby as a fool. Every behavior demonstrates that this deep-rooted thought makes her live on her husband instead of pursuing her freedom and true love.
Secondly, she is deeply influenced by manmonism. Money is worshiped in that age. The marriage between Daisy and Tom is based on money. Daisy meets her demand on seeking the position of wealth and status in her marriage. In the upper class of the society, she realizes her self-values by relying on her husband’s social status and wealth. Despite of her affection and commitments to Gatsby, she accepts a string of pearls valued at three hundred and fifty thousand dollars and steps into the tomb of marriage based on money, which shows the harmful influence of mammonism on her.
Meanwhile, the emergence of new feminism is prevailing in that society. And Daisy is also greatly affected by new feminism. As a member of new women, she longs for participating in various parties and strikes a deliberate attitude of irony. New feminsism is such people who are lack of good behaviors and moral responsibilities. In the literature, people find the tragic female images of cynicism.
Through the social discourse of Daisy, we can find that the deep-rooted male chauvinism, the prevailing mammonism and the emergence of new feminism have great impact on her. What she does and what she says are firmly associated with the social backgrounds in that age.
To sum up, I hope this thesis can enable scholars to analyze The Great Gatsby from the new perspective, which contributes readers to realize the linguistic charm of Fitzgerald in the deeper aspect. At the same time, it points the way for modern females to seek their values of life.

Key words: The Great Gatsby   discourse analysis   male chauvinism    mammonism  new feminism   

摘要

菲茨杰拉德是爵士时代最具有代表性的作家,他所写的《了不起的盖茨比》正是这个时代的缩影，该小说广为流传。前人关于《了不起的盖茨比》的研究不计其数，研究内容主要涉及人物塑造、主题刻画以及作品现实意义讨论，而本文则另辟蹊径，用话语分析的角度研究社会因素对女主人公黛西的影响。
本文运用话语分析中的中介分析法，分析研究男权主义、拜金主义和新女性主义对小说女主人公黛西的影响。首先，她深受男权主义的压迫。如：婚姻中， 她对丈夫的短暂离开感到焦虑不安，对丈夫的苛责质问做出违心承诺。在面对自己的孩子时，她希望她是个傻瓜。种种一切话语表明，男权主义根深蒂固的思想使她不能够追求自己的自由，只能够依赖丈夫而生活。
其次，她深受拜金主义之害。当时社会风靡物质至上。黛西和汤姆的婚姻就是建立在金钱的上面。世俗的黛西凭借着这份婚姻满足了对财富地位的需求。在上流社会中，她需要凭借汤姆的金钱地位去体现自己的价值，她已全然不顾当年对盖茨比的爱恋和对他的承诺，接受了汤姆送她的一串价值三十五万美元的珍珠项链，转而步入建于金钱之上的婚姻坟墓中，体现了她深受拜金主义其害。
同时，当时社会崛起一批新时代的女性，黛西也受到新女性主义的影响至深。作为新女性的其中一员，黛西热爱参加各式各样的聚会，说的话矫揉造作。新女性就是这样一批人，她们缺乏良好的行为和道德责任感，使得在小说中，人们看到的是一副轻浮放荡、玩世不恭、结局凄惨的悲剧女性群像。
通过黛西这些话语，我们不难看出男权主义的根深蒂固思想，风靡的拜金主义思想和新女性主义的崛起对黛西有着深深的影响。她的一言一行都被她当时所在的社会背景所牢牢牵动。
最后，作者希望本文能够启发读者从新的角度研究《了不起的盖茨比》，帮助读者从更深层次领略菲茨杰拉德的语言魅力，并为现代女性在追求自己人生价值方面指明方向。

关键词：《了不起的盖茨比》    话语分析   男权主义  拜金主义   新女性主义