论政治演讲中的概念隐喻-以奥巴马第二次就职演讲为例_英语论文

A Study on Conceptual Metaphor in Political Speeches - A Case of Obama’s Second Inaugural Speech

摘要
政治演讲表明演讲者的政治观点和立场，以达到说服公众接受并支持自己的观点为目的。但是政治是抽象并且复杂的。演讲者为使自己的观点具体化并易为公众所接受，在演讲中经常使用概念隐喻。概念隐喻理论首先由莱可夫和约翰逊在他们的书中《我们赖以生存的隐喻》提出。本文以奥巴马第二次就职演讲作为语料，基于概念隐喻理论对所选语料进行分析来探讨概念隐喻在政治演讲中的应用。研究表明概念隐喻的三种类型即结构隐喻、本体隐喻和方位隐喻在奥巴马第二次就职演讲中均有应用，它们起着劝服、简化、语篇连贯和设计政治形像等功能。作者希望该研究有助于人们更好地理解政治语篇中的概念隐喻，理解政治家是如何在政治演讲中运用概念隐喻从而实现自己的政治目的的。

关键词：奥巴马第二次就职演讲；概念隐喻；类型；功能

Abstract

Generally speaking, speakers can deliver their political views and standpoints in order to talk the public into accepting and supporting their views by making political speeches. Politics is very abstract and complicated, so speakers often use conceptual metaphors in their discourses to make their views accessible and understandable to the audience. Conceptual metaphor is first brought up by Lakoff and Johnson in their book Metaphors We Live By, and it can be classified into structural metaphor, ontological metaphor and orientation metaphor. On the basis of conceptual metaphor theory, the thesis is to study conceptual metaphor in political speeches by analyzing Obama’s second inaugural address. The study shows that structural metaphor, ontological metaphor and orientation metaphor are all adopted in Obama’s second inaugural address to persuade the audience, simplify the abstract political language, frame good political image and make the speech coherent. The author hopes that this study can make contributions to helping people have a better comprehension of conceptual metaphor in political speeches and politicians to use conceptual metaphors in the addresses to achieve their own purposes.

Key Words: Obama’s second inaugural address  conceptual metaphor  types  functions