摘 要
   
英语习语是英语里一种特殊的语言现象，也是语言的精华部分，体现了英语国家的民族文化特色。从20世纪80年代起，英语习语研究进入了一个崭新的，繁荣的阶段，学者们在习语意义的理解模式、习语交际功能等方面都取得了可喜的成绩。随着中国与英语国家的交流日益深入，英语习语的翻译，作为英汉翻译的一个重要组成部分，也愈发凸显其重要性，越来越多的人们认识到正确理解和翻译英语习语的必要性。英语学习者在学习过程中，由于受母语影响及英语知识有限，英语学习者在学习英语习语的过程中易对英语习语产生错误的理解和翻译。国内学者注意到了一些英语习语翻译中的误译现象，并且尝试从中西方思维方式、历史文化、风俗习惯等差异入手，分析英语习语的误译现象。本文尝试从语言负迁移理论的角度出发，首先介绍了英语习语的定义和分类；其次，本文指出了英语习语的三大特点，即结构稳定性，语义完整性和语义两重性；再次，本文分析了英语习语的误译原因，包括语内迁移和语际迁移；最后得出结论：英语学习者要正确翻译英语习语，需要在掌握英语的同时，熟悉英语国家文化和思维方式。

关键词：语言负迁移；英语习语；误译

ABSTRACT
   
As a peculiar and essential part of the English language, English idiomatic expressions embody the cultural features of English-speaking countries. The study of English idiomatic expressions has entered a new and flourishing stage since 1980s. Many experts accomplished some achievements in comprehension, communicative functions and other fields of English idiomatic expressions. Nowadays, with the increasingly frequent foreign exchange with English speaking countries, a growing number of people come to realize the significance and necessity of the correct understanding and translation of English idiomatic expressions, which is the vital and unintelligible part of the English language. During the process of English learning, it is easy for English learners to mistranslate English idiomatic expressions under the influence of mother tongue and limited knowledge of English. Some Chinese experts have already noticed the mistranslation of English idiomatic expressions by some Chinese translators and learners of English and did some studies concerned, and usually consider this problem from the angles of the differences in history, culture, customs, the ways of thinking and geographical conditions between China and English countries. Based on the theory of language transfer, this thesis, firstly, introduces the definition and categories of English idiomatic expressions. Secondly, this thesis points out the three features such as structural stability, semantic unity and double meaning. Thirdly, it analyses some mistranslation examples of English idiomatic expressions by Chinese English learners, which are caused by interlingual transfer and intralingual transfer. Finally, it comes to such a conclusion that English learners should get themselves familiar with the cultures and thinking patterns of English-speaking countries in addition to their good command of the English language.

Key words: negative transfer; English idiomatic expressions; mistranslation