摘要：

散文，属于文学式样的一种，有其自身的文体特色。因此，在散文的翻译过程中，要根据不同的散文的特色以及语言的特点采取不同的散文翻译方法。本论文所指是狭义上的散文概念，由五部分构成。首先，从散文特点和源语言和目标语上对散文进行了分析。然后，对于散文翻译中两种最基本的方法：直译与意译进行了介绍，进而，深入探讨了直译与意译在翻译界的争论史。最后，探究在散文翻译中，从语言结构还有修辞以及动态对等、文化意象的角度对直译与意译的翻译方法的选择。
 
关键词：散文、直译与意译、文化意象、动态对等

Abstract:

Prose is one kind of literary styles, and it has its distinctive features. While in prose translation process, the corresponding methods should be adopted according to the different prose styles . This thesis talks about the prose in a narrow sense. It consists of five parts, At first, it gives a comprehensive definition of prose from the perspective of language characteristics and the source language and the target language of prose. Then, the brief introduction to literal translation and free translation and the history of disputes is also discussed. Finally; it discusses the application of literal translation and free translation in prose translation from the aspects of the sentence structure and figure of speech and  cultural images.

Keywords: prose; literal translation and free translation; artistic conception; dynamic equivalence

1 Introduction
As one form of literary arts, prose is known as the most striking one. Moreover, it is generally agreed that prose translation is the most difficult task because of the fact that its languages are natural, sincere and elegant. Throughout history, both Chinese and English prose has gone through profound reform and improvements, so do the prose translation. As the well-known translator Zhang Peiji puts it “the original is performance, translation is reproduction”, which indicates that prose translation is the process of artistic recreation.